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Applications of Law of Conservation of Momentum
When a bullet is fired from a gun, the gases produced in the barrel exerts a tremendous force on the bullet (action force). As a result, the bullet moves forward with a great velocity called the muzzle velocity. The bullet at the same time exerts an equal force on the gun in the opposite direction (reaction force). Due to this the gun moves backwards. This backward motion of the gun is called the recoil of the gun. The velocity with which the gun moves backwards is called the recoil velocity.
Recoil of Gun
Let 'M' be the mass of the gun and m that of the bullet. Before firing both are at rest. After firing let 'V' be the velocity of the gun and 'v' that of the bullet. By law of conservation of linear momentum,
initial momentum of gun and bullet = final momentum of gun and bullet.
The initial momentum of the gun and the bullet is equal to zero since they are initially at rest.
Final momentum after firing = MV + mv = 0
[The negative sign indicates that the gun is recoiling]Sub Topics
- Rocket Propulsion
- Numericals
- 01.
- Solution:
- 02.
- Solution:
The motion of a rocket is an application of Newton's third law of motion and law of conservation of linear momentum.
A rocket is a projectile that carries the rocket fuel and the oxidiser, which supplies the oxygen needed for combustion. Liquid hydrogen, liquid paraffin etc., are used as rocket fuels and hydrogen peroxide, liquid oxygen etc., are used as oxidisers. The fuel-oxidiser combination in a rocket is called the propellant.
The simplest form of a rocket consists of a combustion chamber in which a solid or liquid propellant is burnt. There is a nozzle at its tail through which the gaseous products of combustion can escape. The rocket forces a jet of hot gases downwards through the nozzle. This is the action. The jet of gases exerts an equal force on the rocket, pushing it forward. This is the reaction. This force gives the rocket a forward acceleration.
Rocket Propulsion
The operation of a rocket illustrates the conservation of momentum. Just before launching, the momentum of the rocket is zero. When the rocket is fired, it forces a jet of hot gases with a high velocity through the nozzle. The jet of gases acquires a momentum downwards. Hence, the rocket acquires a momentum of equal magnitude in opposite direction. Thus the rocket moves upwards.
With a single stage rocket it is not possible to attain very high speed and hence multistage rockets are designed. In multistage rockets when the fuel of the first stage gets exhausted, the rocket casing is detached and dropped off and the second stage is ignited.
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How do space crafts move in space?
Spacecraft move in space by using thrusters to generate thrust, which propels them in the desired direction. They can also utilize gravity assists from planets or other celestial bodies to change their trajectory. Additionally, spacecraft can adjust their trajectory by relying on the principles of momentum and the lack of air resistance in space.
How do rockets move in space?
Rockets move in space by expelling gas at high speeds through their engines. According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. So when the rocket expels gas in one direction, it propels itself in the opposite direction.
What is the principle on which a rocket works?
A rocket works on the principle of Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The rocket propels itself forward by expelling mass in one direction (exhaust gases) at high speeds, causing the rocket to move in the opposite direction.
How can a rocket move through space where no matter exist?
A rocket can move through space without matter to push against by expelling mass in the opposite direction using thrusters. This action follows Newton's third law of motion, which states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. By expelling mass at high speed, the rocket generates thrust that propels it forward.
How can a rocket in space shut off its engines and still keep moving?
A rocket in space can shut off its engines and still keep moving due to the principle of inertia. Once the engines are turned off, the rocket will continue to move forward at a constant velocity unless acted upon by another force, such as gravity or a change in trajectory.
On which principle of conservation does rocket works?
Rockets work based on the principle of conservation of momentum. By expelling high-speed exhaust gases in one direction, a rocket generates an equal and opposite force that propels it in the opposite direction. This action results in a net change in momentum and allows the rocket to move forward in the vacuum of space.
How do spacecraft move when they fire their rockets as the rockets have nothing to push against in space?
The law of conservation of momentum comes into play here. I.e A change in the momentum of the space craft ( could be direction or velocity) must cause a equal and opposite momentum change somehow. In space the rocket will carry the mass to push in the opposite direction to the required shift for the momentum change . In most space craft, fuel is burnt and products are allowed to flow backwards pushing the rocket forwards ( or changing direction). It is similar to an inflated balloon being released, the air ir pushed out in one direction and the balloon moves in the other.
How do space crafts move in space?
Spacecraft move in space by using thrusters to generate thrust, which propels them in the desired direction. They can also utilize gravity assists from planets or other celestial bodies to change their trajectory. Additionally, spacecraft can adjust their trajectory by relying on the principles of momentum and the lack of air resistance in space.
How do rockets move in space?
Rockets move in space by expelling gas at high speeds through their engines. According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. So when the rocket expels gas in one direction, it propels itself in the opposite direction.
What is the principle on which a rocket works?
A rocket works on the principle of Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The rocket propels itself forward by expelling mass in one direction (exhaust gases) at high speeds, causing the rocket to move in the opposite direction.
A machine that uses escaping gas to move is called?
A machine that uses escaping gas to move is called a rocket. Rockets work on the principle of Newton's third law, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The escaping gas propels the rocket in the opposite direction, allowing it to move through space.
What is a device that expels gas in one direction to move the opposite direction?
A balloon will do that. A rocket does that. The gas is on fire.
How can a rocket move through space where no matter exist?
A rocket can move through space without matter to push against by expelling mass in the opposite direction using thrusters. This action follows Newton's third law of motion, which states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. By expelling mass at high speed, the rocket generates thrust that propels it forward.
Why do the gases and waste products move backwards out of rockets?
Well its the only place they can move. It also helps to move the rocket upwards or wherever the rocket is going. This is the basic principle of Rocket. Rocket is propelled and move forward because of the pressure difference between the combustion chamber and the atmosphere and the coresponding raction force.. Pressure is created by burning fuel inside the chamber. Since there is only one opening in the rocket the gases move on the reverse direction of the rocket movement. ( the backward direction)
How does a rocket turn in if there is no air resistance in space . What does it push against. What resists the thrust?
In space, rockets can turn by using small thrusters that expel propellant to provide a reactionary force, allowing the rocket to change its direction. The rocket pushes against its own exhaust gases to create this thrust. When the rocket expels propellant at high speed, Newton's third law of motion comes into play, causing the rocket to move in the opposite direction.
What are the arrow directions for the rocket warehouse maze?
it is a electronic thing that will move you to the direction it shows...
Change is to variable as move is to?
direction
