Yes it can. A faulty thermostat can cause overheating which will cause coolant to be pushed out of the system.
No, low coolant would cause the opposite.
a leak in a head gasket could cause coolant to go into only one cylinder.
broken radiator
A supercharger is controlled by its pulley size. The smaller the supercharger drive pulley is, the higher in boost pressure you will see. Now if you go with a larger crank pulley, this too will cause you to see more boost. So, in all honestly, the only way to really over boost your supercharger is when you mess around with the pulleys.
there are no gaskets on a tension pulley ther is however a spring and yes it can cause the belt not to run smoothly
water pump, oil, water, engine coolant....main cause would be engine coolant, just check to see if you have a leak.
blown head gasket
troubleshoot the coolant on a 1999 oldsmobile intruge
frozen pulley
I would be more apt to believe that the power steering pump failing would have caused the belt to jump off and become lodged between the pulley and the motor than the other way around.
If an idler pulley is broken, I would advise not to drive it anywhere. It would effect the power steering, water pump, alternator and coolant fan causing you to get stuck on the road and possibly cost many more $$ in damage.