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Photographic film is by it's very definition sensitive to light. Different types of film is sensitive to different colour spectrum The first types of film had a very limited sensitivity to colours and only reacted to blue light. As technology progressed film was made sensitive to a wider spectrum of light.Orthochromatic film was (is) sensitive to colours from blue to green, thus not sensitive to red light hence not affected by a "red light" during development.This film type was, however, superseded by "Panchromatic" film that is sensitive to all light spectrum, including red light. This means that most (modern) film cannot be developed using a red darkroom light without permanently destroying the film.Copying images (to paper or plastic sheets) is a different matter as the light sensitive emulsion on copy-paper is notsensitive to red light which is why a red light can safely be used during copying and development of the copies.
The numbers refer to film speed or ISO; witch is another way of saying sensitivity. Each of the standard ISOs (listed bellow) is twice as sensitive as the one before it. The higher the number is the more sensitive the film. While a higher sensitivity film will allow you to shoot in lower light conditions it increases the appearance of grain. Not sensitive
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Because all the materials you use to do it with are light-sensitive and have to be handled in the dark.