A heartbeat produces the familiar "LUB-DUP" sounds as the chambers contract and the valves close. The first heart sound, "lub," is heard when the ventricles contract and the atrioventricular valves close. This sound last longest and has a lower pitch. The second heart sound, "dub," is heard when the relaxation of the ventricles allows the semilunar valves to close.
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The heart's valves are responsible for the heartbeat sound. Changes in these sounds can help diagnose heart problems.
The part of the brain stem that controls heartbeat and breathing is called the medulla.
Veins do not pump, they are passive. They carry blood back to the heart which is the pump.
Which part of the heart encases the heart in a tough outer membrane?
The second heart sound (S2) is a short burst of auditory vibrations of varying intensity, frequency, quality, and duration. It has two audible components, the aortic closure sound (A2) and the pulmonic closure sound (P2), which are normally split on inspiration and virtually single on expiration. S2 is produced in part by hemodynamic events immediately following closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. The vibrations of the second heart sound occur at the end of ventricular contraction and identify the onset of ventricular diastole and the end of mechanical systole.
Heartbeat is under autonomic nervous system (involuntary) control, particularly by the Medulla Oblongata which is found in the brain stem. The brain stem is the portion that roughly connects the brain with the spinal cord. Anatomically, it is found below where the back part of your skull ends