The Renaissance was a period in history lasting from about 1450 to 1600 CE. Renaissance is a french word meaning rebirth. It is called this, because around that time, many Italians(and other Europeans) began to look back at the past, to such civilizations like Greece and early Rome. They saw the great successes of the past, and were in envy of them. Many of these people didnt onle envy the ancient Greeks, they wanted to model there own civilization after them. Many famous Italians did such. They wrote a new, exciting history in Art, as well as other subjects. There style was totaly new, but influenced by the Classical era art and sculptures. The Renaissance was a period of tumult as well, when prominent religious persons such as Martin Luther, began questioning the current catholic institutions. Indeed, the Rennaissance was the uprooting of the old society of the Medieval times, and the building of a new, modern society. Art would never be the same. The Italians not only revived Classical art, but they improved it. They made it something they could call there own. This new art style would be the precursor for all Modern art forms.
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Roman art influenced English art through the way it influenced Western art: via the influence of Italian Renaissance art which used classical (Roman and Greek) canons. In painting the British art academies trained their students in the canons of the Italian Renaissance until the movement of the Pre-Raphaelites broke away from it in the 19th century. In architecture, there was an influence by the Italian Renaissance, particularly by the Italian architect Antonio Palladio who based his work on the Roman architecture textbook by Vitruvius. The Palladian style was very popular in Britain in the mid-17th century where the simplicity of the (Roman) classical style was preferred to the flamboyant Baroque style. It developed into the Neo-Palladian style. It the second half of the 19th century it was rivalled by the Gothic style, but continued to be popular until the early 20th century. Neoclassicism was also another popular style. It was a revival of Renaissance style in architecture and sculpture in opposition to the Baroque. It begun in the 18th century and is still used today. Neoclassicism also influenced painting, print-making and literature. In 18th century Britain there was the Augustan Literature which was a Neoclassical style.
Ancient Greece
The greatest influence was the Florentine Neoplatonism. Neoplatonism was revived in the Italian Renaissance by figures such as Nicholas Cusanus, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Marsilio Ficino, the Medici, Michelangelo, Sandro Botticelli and later Giordano Bruno. Platonism in the Renaissance was a major force in European cultural life
Emperor Augustus of Rome was partiularly noted for commissioning buildings that imitated the Greek style, demonstrating its influence around the known world.
Mannerism emerged during the Italian High Renaissance in approximately 1520 CE and lasted until about 1580 CE. It was influenced by the harmonious ideals of the Renaissance. The early renaissance was a period of intellectualism and mannerism artists wanted to push intellectual sophistication one step further.