Since it's not possible to paste images here one has to try to describe that using words. The "O" atom is the central part and is single-bonded to two "Cl" atoms (usually those two "Cl" atoms would be drawn to the left and right of the "O" atom).
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2+ . . -
[Be] [:Cl:]
. x 2
In this structure, the x is an electron the Cl "kidnapped" from Be. So, the way this answer is that you have one Be atom, which is two beryllium electrons. Then, you have two chlorine atoms, which adds up to 14 electrons. However, each chlorine atom wants 8 valence electrons in its octet, the two together wanting 16. So, the way beryllium ends up with no electrons and chlorine ends up with an x, is that chlorine went up to beryllium, and kidnapped its electron. Each chlorine did that, so now beryllium has zero electrons. Therefore, chlorine got its electrons to fill up its octet and the compound is neutral, making it happy:) Hope this helps!!
It represents the number of valence electrons in the atom.
Iodine in its natural form is I2, two iodine atoms bonded with a single covalent bond. There are 6 non-bonded valance electrons on each atom, so there are 12 electrons in the electron-dot structure.
G.N. Lewis
They can also be called Lewis Dot Structures or Diagrams, named after a scientist names Gilbert Norton Lewis
to find the electron dot configuration of an element simply draw dots, symbolizing valance electrons, in a way that they are farthest from each other around the symbol of the element you are using.