It is called the Equator and the closer you get to it the hotter the countries start becoming.
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The Equator is an imaginary line on the Earth's surface equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole that divides the Earth into a Northern Hemisphere and a Southern Hemisphere. an imaginary line dividing the earth in half horizontally ^ The Equator is an imaginary line on the Earth's surface equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole that divides the Earth into a Northern Hemisphere and a Southern Hemisphere. The band around the middle of the Earth, separating the northern from the southern hemispheres. Earths equator is an imaginary line equally distant from both Pole's. It goes horizontally around Earth's middle. ^ It is also the point where both 0 degrees latitude and longitude orginate.This areas also reseives the most sunglican anually and is home to a region referred to as the Tropics.
international date line
Equator
It's not that the earth tips back and forth, but rather that its axis (the imaginary line around which it rotates) is permanently tilted with respect to the sun. The axis always points the same direction, so as the earth revolves around the sun during the year the axis is oriented towards the sun at some point in the orbit, away from the sun at others, and at intermediate orientations in between.
It is either the equator, prime meridian, or you can also say hemispheres.