Sparta was ruled by only a few of its men, but Athens was ruled by all of its male citizens.
They were polar opposites, Athens being a scholarly, open empire, with Sparta being a military state that detested change. Sparta had a powerful army, Athens had a powerful navy. Both were also ambitious and wanted to expand their reaches of influence. They were bound to bump heads a few times.
Sparta was the most powerful Polis in Greece because of the strength of it's land army. Athens' power however was rising quickly as they began to build an empire in the Aegean, with the wealth of this new empire Athens built a wall around their city; ancient Greek armies had few options for attacking walled cities and primarily needed to starve them out. This meant that Athens was now a serious rival to Sparta, the Spartans did not wish to let go of their power so demanded that Athens tear down their wall, they did not so Sparta went to war.
a few of the natural borders of the Persian empire is the middle east, Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Persepolis, etc. another is that he reunited Athens and Sparta, but didn't conquer them.
Athens was the largest city-state. It had 200,000 men at its high point, Sparta had very few men, but they had one of the best armies of the time.
Very few in Athens.
Sparta was ruled by only a few of its men, but Athens was ruled by all of its male citizens.
They were polar opposites, Athens being a scholarly, open empire, with Sparta being a military state that detested change. Sparta had a powerful army, Athens had a powerful navy. Both were also ambitious and wanted to expand their reaches of influence. They were bound to bump heads a few times.
they had help from Athens's, Sparta and a few other city states
Just to name a few, in Sparta they had nearly 100,000 slaves compared to the 40,000 slaves that Athens had.
Oligarchy
Sparta was the most powerful Polis in Greece because of the strength of it's land army. Athens' power however was rising quickly as they began to build an empire in the Aegean, with the wealth of this new empire Athens built a wall around their city; ancient Greek armies had few options for attacking walled cities and primarily needed to starve them out. This meant that Athens was now a serious rival to Sparta, the Spartans did not wish to let go of their power so demanded that Athens tear down their wall, they did not so Sparta went to war.
Greece did not exist as a country in Ancient World. There were numerous Greek-city states including Athens, Sparta, Argos, Corinth just to name a few. The main reason a war broke out between Athens, its allies and the Peloponnesian league, was due to many reasons, such as Sparta's need to train in real war situations (Sparta didn't wage war very often) and battles for territory.
The Athenian government was trying to be a democracy but did not succeed. The Spartans government was entirely different. The Spartans had an Oligarchy and a Monarchy. An Oligarchy is a government or council ruled by few people.
Sparta and Athens had many differences and similarities in their government. Only a few Greek city-states had kings. Sparta had two kings, usually cousins or brothers. One would stay home and the other would go off to fight wars. Athens created the first democratic system and many other city-states copied them. Athenian democracy did not give power to everyone. Most of the people in Athens couldn't vote, including women, slaves, foreigners, and children.
The Spartan government operated very differently than the Athenian government. Unlike Athens's democracy, in which every citizen had a vote, Sparta had an oligarchic government (a government ruled by a few people). Also the assembly could only vote on yes-or-no laws, but could not debate issues.
a few of the natural borders of the Persian empire is the middle east, Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Persepolis, etc. another is that he reunited Athens and Sparta, but didn't conquer them.