"Toad" is not really a "thing", scientifically speaking. There are many species of animals commonly called "toads"; you'd have to be more ... well, specific ... before we could give you the "scientific name" of any particular one.
Toads are not a "clade"; some animals called "toads" are much more closely related to certain frogs than they are to each other, and biologically speaking, "toad" is just a common name for certain kinds of frogs which happen to either have dry, leathery skin, live primarily on land (as opposed to in water), or both.
The order that includes both toads and frogs (which is a clade) is Anura, which means "tailless".
The scientific name for the Surinam toad is Pipa pipa.
That depends on the type of toad. Generally, the scientific name is Bufo. Toad is just the Genus of the name. The format is Bufo (species name.) (Example: An American toad is Bufo americanus. Climbing toads are Bufo coniferous.)
Scaphiopodidae
Ceratophrys ornata.
Ceratophrys ornata
Ambystoma macrodactylum
The scientific or taxonomic name would be Bufo americanus.
The scientific or taxonomic name would be Bufo baxteri.
The scientific or taxonomic name would be Bufo boreas.
The scientific or taxonomic name would be Bufo californicus.
The scientific or taxonomic name would be Bufo debilis.
The scientific or taxonomic name would be Bufo exsul.