Two clauses of the First Amendment concern the relationship of government to religion. There is the establishment clause and the free exercise clause. The clauses were intended to serve common values. The establishment clause purpose was intended to prohibit the federal government from declaring and financially support a national religion. The Supreme Court interpretation of the establishment clause does not begin until 1947 in Everson v Board of education. Voting 5 to 4 the court upheld a state law that reimburses parents for the cost of busing their children to parochial schools. If the state had reimbursed the parochial schools for the cost of transportation it would violate the establishment clause. Another case was a school sponsored prayer starting the school day in New York schools violated the establishment clause.
If the US Supreme Court agrees with the lower court ruling, the decision is "affirmed," and becomes legally final (res judicata).
No the Congress can not nullify a ruling of the Supreme Court. The Congress would have to rewrite the law which the Supreme Court had declared unconstitutional. Then the new law could overrule the Supreme Court IF the new law was declared constitutional if/when appealed.
the idea that the equal protection clause applied to the federal government as well as to the states
Majority opinion
The Supreme Court's ruling is final and cannot be appealed. The United States Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight associate justices.
Everson v. Board of Education
The Supreme Court of the United States has the final rule on the establishment clause. The SCOTUS was established in 1789.
Two clauses of the First Amendment concern the relationship of government to religion. There is the establishment clause and the free exercise clause. The clauses were intended to serve common values. The establishment clause purpose was intended to prohibit the federal government from declaring and financially support a national religion. The Supreme Court interpretation of the establishment clause does not begin until 1947 in Everson v Board of education. Voting 5 to 4 the court upheld a state law that reimburses parents for the cost of busing their children to parochial schools. If the state had reimbursed the parochial schools for the cost of transportation it would violate the establishment clause. Another case was a school sponsored prayer starting the school day in New York schools violated the establishment clause.
Two clauses of the First Amendment concern the relationship of government to religion. There is the establishment clause and the free exercise clause. The clauses were intended to serve common values. The establishment clause purpose was intended to prohibit the federal government from declaring and financially support a national religion. The Supreme Court interpretation of the establishment clause does not begin until 1947 in Everson v Board of education. Voting 5 to 4 the court upheld a state law that reimburses parents for the cost of busing their children to parochial schools. If the state had reimbursed the parochial schools for the cost of transportation it would violate the establishment clause. Another case was a school sponsored prayer starting the school day in New York schools violated the establishment clause.
There is not just one Supreme Court case on this; there is a whole body of jurisprudence on interpreting the "Establishment Clause" in First Amendment of the US Constitution.
In Lee v. Weisman (1992), the Supreme Court ruled that prayers delivered by clergy at public school graduation ceremonies violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The Court held that such prayers can give the impression of school endorsement of religion and thus are unconstitutional.
The ruling made by the supreme court is that demonstrations on the private property is illegal.
Religious displays on public property can be seen as a violation of the establishment clause if they promote or endorse a particular religion. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that such displays must have a secular purpose, not primarily promote religion, and not excessively entangle the government with religion.
a ruling court is this ruling went against the foundation of the Constitution's"all men are created equal" clause.
If the US Supreme Court agrees with the lower court ruling, the decision is "affirmed," and becomes legally final (res judicata).
No the Congress can not nullify a ruling of the Supreme Court. The Congress would have to rewrite the law which the Supreme Court had declared unconstitutional. Then the new law could overrule the Supreme Court IF the new law was declared constitutional if/when appealed.
Opinion of the court.