Surplus mean excess in business. A business can have a surplus of product in its inventory, which isn't good for revenues.
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Surplus inventory is not useful to a business unless it gets sold, so it should probably be sold very quickly or stored carefully until it can be sold.
Companies from time to time do the process of revaluating its assets and liabilities for many reasons like liquidation or selling business or any other reason. From the process of revaluation its assets and liabilities surplus or defecit generate. If there is revaluation surplus it means that assets of company has more appreciated then assets of the companies reduced in value.
entries for Reserve & surplus
What is reserve & surplus in accounts
Fundamentally, a revaluation surplus and a revaluation reserve is the same. A revaluation reserve is a revaluation surplus obtained from evaluation.