The s orbital is lower in energy than the porbital.
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The s orbital is lower in energy than the porbital.
Three atomic orbitals must be mixed to form an sp2 hybrid orbital: one s orbital and two p orbitals.
In orbitals and shells. Orbitals are hard to describe because they are shaped by relativistic quantum mechanics and can only be visualized as probability clouds not as physical shapes. Shells are composed of sets of orbitals. s orbital probability clouds are spherical. p orbital probability clouds are egg shaped ellipsoids. d orbital probability clouds are hour glass shaped with a donut around the middle unattached. f orbital probability clouds are hour glass shaped with two distorted donuts around the middle unattached. etc. Shell 1 has a single s orbital. Shell 2 has a single s orbital and 3 p orbitals. Shell 3 has a single s orbital, 3 p orbitals, and 5 d orbitals. Shell 4 has a single s orbital, 3 p orbitals, 5 d orbitals, and 7 f orbitals. etc.
The four types of orbitals are s, p, d, and f. The s orbital is spherical, the p orbital is dumbbell-shaped, the d orbital is cloverleaf-shaped, and the f orbital is complex in shape.
The third principal energy level consists of s, p, and d atomic orbitals. Specifically, there are one 3s orbital, three 3p orbitals, and five 3d orbitals in the third principal energy level.