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EzraLike so many things, the piano concerto was not so much invented as it evolved. A "concert piece" for a solo instrument set against a string (and sometimes woodwinds) accompaniment goes back as least as far as Vivaldi. Handel wrote a number of concertos for organ and small orchestra. Karl Phillip Emmanuel Bach was probably the earliest well-known composer to construct what is recognizably a piano concerto with "orchestra". Mozart and Haydn greatly developed it, and it reached maturity with Beethoven. It is basic to most composers since.
I doubt if there is any definitive answer to this, but there are a couple of contenders:
- Antonio Vivaldi created and led a famous orchestra at a girls' orphanage in Venice, the Ospedale della Pietà. For them he wrote 500 violin concerti, or so it's reported. (The 20th century composer Igor Stravinsky -- "Rite of Spring", "the Firebird" etc etc -- reportedly criticised that Vivaldi didn't write 500 concerti, he wrote the same concerto 500 times). "The Four Seasons" is a group of 4 of the concerti so enduringly popular it gets used a background music today. There is at least one video of "the Four Seasons"
- J. S. Bach, in his duties as Kapellmeister in Dresden, Germany, was called on for an immense number of pieces. In those days, audiences usually wanted new music more than things they'd heard before. Concerti were a popular item. Better known example of Bach's concerti include the Brandenburg Concerti. Many were for flute or violin or harpsichord -- the pianoforte and modern piano had not yet been invented.
- Mozart wrote concerti for an unsual number of different instruments. Apart from at least 23 piano concerti, he wrote at least 5 for Clarinet (he had a favourite clarinet player whom he greatly admired), a number for violin, and among others, at least 4 for French horn, which should get many more concerti than it does.
Later composers like Beethoven, Brahms, Mendelssohn, Sibelius, etc didn't write nearly so many each, but they tended to be quite a bit longer and very individual and expressive.
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How is the Classical concerto like the Baroque concerto?
look it up on google, improvisation like a Classical Concerto Cadenza
Was saxophones used in the classical period?
The classical period ended about 1820, and the sax was not invented until after 1840, so no, the sax was not used in the classical period.
Instrumental genres in classical period?
Symphony, solo concerto, solo sonata, string quartet, other chamber music genres.
What is one importain thing that happened during the classical era of music?
The modern orchestra was first introduced during the classical period. Classical composers developed the genres of symphony and classical concerto (solo instrument and orchestra). Among the pioneer classical composers stand F. J. Haydn and W. A. Mozart.
What were the major instrumental forms of the romantic and classical periods?
symphony, concerto, sonata
