in tems of labour "dilation" is the medical term or certainly the only one used on the wards and between doctors themselves, in terms of other dilation such as of the pupil the term is mydriasis. there are lots of different terms for each different organ or tissue being dilated.
Dilation is a medical term meaning that the internal diameter of something got larger. Like the pupils dilated or the cervix dilated.
Mydriasis is dilation of the pupils.
Ectasis is the medical term meaning dilation or expansion of a hollow organ. -ectasis is also the medical terminology combining form meaning dilation or expansion.
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Hydronephrosis.
A related term meaning dilatation of the renal pelvis to a lesser degree is pyelectasis, both are the result of an obstruction of the kidneys and/or the ureter, such as congenital stenosis, a calculus or "stone", etc.
Pyelocaliectasis is dilation of the renal pelvis and calyx. Renal tubular ectasia is dilation of the collecting ducts.