Ascites is accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity {abdomen}. Its known by several other names: Hydroperitoneum and believe it or not,...Peritoneal Cavity Fluid. The old-time name was Abdominal Dropsy. It can occur due to cancer, liver disease or other conditions.
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Pleural effusion is the generic term for fluid in the pleural space, but there are more specific terms if you know the type of fluid.
Blood - hemothorax
Lymph - chylothorax
Serous fluid - hydrothorax
Pus - empyema or pyothorax
As a general rule the term is: (fluid-descriptor) -thorax
Edema is abnormal accululation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of body tissues.
No, pleurodynia is pleural pain. Pleural effusion is an abnormal escape of fluid into the pleural cavity.