This is the group of mammals known as marsupials.
Incidentally, they do not all carry their young in pouches. The numbat is a marsupial which does not have a pouch.
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The group of mammals, most of which raise their young in a pouch, are the marsupials.
However, it is important to note that not all marsupials have pouches.
Marsupial young are characterised by being extremely small and undeveloped at birth. At birth, they take a long, arduous journey from the birth canal, driven purely by instinct, grabbing hold of the mother marsupial's fur which she has cleaned and made easier to traverse with saliva, to reach the pouch. Upon reaching the pouch, they latch onto a teat which swells in their mouth to prevent them from being accidentally dislodged during the mother's movements. There they stay for months, to complete their development. Not all marsupials have pouches, e.g. the numbat has a mere flap of skin, but in animals where the pouch is absent, the young are still born undeveloped, and they cling by instinct to the underside of their mother's belly, still firmly attached to teats which swell in their mouths.
In addition, the echidna is a monotreme - an egg-laying mammal - which develops a pouch during breeding season purely for the purpose of incubating the egg and nurturing the newly hatched echidna.
All marsupials carry their young in a pouch, or marsupium, on their abdomen.
Members of the marsupial family in Australia include (among others):
An animal that carries its young in its pouch is a marsupial.
Marsupials generally carry their young in a pouch, though not all marsupials do so - the numbat, for example, is a marsupial without a properly developed abdominal pouch. Marsupial young (joeys) are born extremely undeveloped. They must continue their growth and development in their mother's pouch, attached to a teat where they receive the same nutrients they would receive if they were placental mammals still in the womb.
Specific examples of pouched mammals include:
All species of kangaroos carry their young in their pouch. Kangaroos are marsupials and the pouch is a marsupium. Almost all marsupials have a pouch.