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1. M-Alkalinity (also known as Total Alkalinity) measures the amount of carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxide present in terms of "ppm as calcium carbonate". ( M-Alkalinity measurement is based on a sulphuric acid titration using a Methyl orange indicator that goes from yellow at a pH of 4.5 to orange at pH of 4.4 at the endpoint.) 2. P-Alkalinity measures the amount of carbonate and hydroxyl alkalinity present in terms of "ppm as calcium carbonate". P-alkalinity is measured down to a pH of 8.3. The M-alkalinity is measured down to a pH of 4.3.
The m alkalinity represents the total alkalinity of the water sample and is typically expressed in terms of equivalent calcium carbonate concentration. The p alkalinity specifically measures the hydroxide, carbonate, and bicarbonate ions present in the water. Both parameters are important for monitoring and controlling the pH levels in boiler water to prevent corrosion and scale formation.
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What is the best description for a solution with a hydroxide-ion concentration of 1x10-4 M?
A solution with a hydroxide-ion concentration of 1x10-4 M is considered basic because it has a higher concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) relative to hydronium ions (H+). This concentration indicates a low pH value and a high alkalinity.
Characteristics of boiler feedwater?
In the manufacture of boilers, high purity feed water is required to ensure the proper functioning of the steam generating system. High purity feed water reduces the use of chemicals in the boiler due to less frequent blow downs (reducing the blow down frequency by up to 10 times).A lower purge frequency also translates into lower fuel costs. Descaling is reduced due to the lower concentration of impurities in the boiler feed water, which pollute the heat transfer surface. Lower levels of impurities also reduce the rate of corrosion in the boiler. When boilers are used to operate steam turbines, erosion of the turbine blades is reduced by the higher purity steam produced. The use of reverse osmosis (RO) in feed water treatment systems reduces chemical costs by reducing the frequency of ion exchange regeneration. A complete system, including reverse osmosis and ion exchange, often results in a more cost effective system than systems that do not use reverse osmosis. However, the common use of reverse osmosis requires significant use of pre-treatment unit operations, which also adds to the overall cost of the system. Silicate and colloidal deposits reduce the efficiency of the boiler and also cause premature failure of the turbines. Ultrafiltration can remove over 99% of colloidal silica as well as precipitated iron and aluminum. Reducing particulate matter, suspended solids and total organic carbon (TOC) also improves turbine and boiler efficiency. But the use of conventional membrane technologies has encountered significant membrane clogging problems. Task. Filtration of the boiler feed water allows for optimal downstream performance. A boiler chemicals or power plant to meet the stringent requirements for more efficient boiler efficiency. Solution Technological advances in membrane filtration systems are opening up opportunities for industrial boilers and steam. Power plants to treat boiler feed water streams to meet more stringent system performance requirements.VSEP® or New Logic Research's Vibration Cutting Advanced Processing makes this possible filter incoming water or waste water streams without the clogging problems of conventional membrane systems. Membrane system significantly reduces TDS, TSS, TOC, color, silica and inlet hardness Sources are taken from city water, well water and river / surface water, which minimizes treatment costs. The purification system uses ultrafiltration (UF), Nano filtration (NF) or reverse osmosis modules to treat the incoming water and create permeable flow meets the boiler feed water criteria for suspended and dissolved solids, silica and hardness. After final polishing with ion exchange resin, the penetrant can be used as boiler feed water. Reverse osmosis filtration can be used if an almost complete removal of dissolved solids is required, and some have started using spiral winding for this work, that is, the final polishing step. Thus, purification systems can be used to treat boiler water with minimal final polishing with ion exchange resins.This alternative separation process eliminates the need for pretreatment and can significantly reduce the use of regeneration chemicals, thereby reducing the disposal and associated costs of used regenerators. For industrial boilers and power plant systems, as well as in the cogeneration industry, membrane systems are used.This process can now be used where traditional cross-flow membrane technologies in the past faced significant membrane fouling problems.It is an attractive alternative to traditional filtration methods thanks to its innovative vibration design. pl-supplies dot com
Rank these water solutions in order of increasing vapor pressure?
0.1 M NaCl solution Pure water 0.1 M glucose solution Vapor pressure increases with decreasing solute concentration, so the order from lowest to highest vapor pressure would be: NaCl solution, glucose solution, pure water.
Why does the 'M' on M and Ms float in water?
The 'M' on M&M's floats in water because it is made of edible ink printed on rice paper, which is lightweight and buoyant. The rice paper does not dissolve quickly in water, allowing the 'M' to stay afloat.
Which M and M color will dissolve in water?
The candy coating on M&M's is insoluble in water, so no color will dissolve in water.
What does the mean of m alkalinity and p alkalinity water?
1. M-Alkalinity (also known as Total Alkalinity) measures the amount of carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxide present in terms of "ppm as calcium carbonate". ( M-Alkalinity measurement is based on a sulphuric acid titration using a Methyl orange indicator that goes from yellow at a pH of 4.5 to orange at pH of 4.4 at the endpoint.) 2. P-Alkalinity measures the amount of carbonate and hydroxyl alkalinity present in terms of "ppm as calcium carbonate". P-alkalinity is measured down to a pH of 8.3. The M-alkalinity is measured down to a pH of 4.3.
Why measure m alkalinity and p alkalinity?
Measuring m alkalinity helps determine the buffering capacity of water and the ability to resist changes in pH. p alkalinity is used to calculate the amount of acid needed to lower the pH of water. Both measurements are important in understanding and managing water quality in aquatic environments.
What has the author Charles M Cresson written?
Charles M. Cresson has written: 'Results of an examination of an exploded locomotive boiler and of experiments to ascertain the causes of explosion' -- subject(s): Locomotive boiler explosions 'Results of examinations of water from the River Schuylkill' -- subject(s): Water, Analysis
In boiler feed water line whether a non return valve should precede or succeed the delivery valve of feed water pump?
In boiler feed water line the NRV is normally installed between Pump and stop valve if the line is short and an another NRV is installed at boiler entrance and after stop valve if the line is long or pump is 10 to 15 m away from the boiler.
What is different between hardness and alkalinity?
There exist three species of alkalinity; bicarbonate, carbonate and hydroxide. The concentration of each species will vary with pH. Total alkalinity is the measurement of all species of alkalinity in the water. The concentration of each of the three species can be determined by titrating a water sample with acid of a known concentration and using chemical indicators, phenolphthalein (P indicator),methyl orange (M indicator), or a pH meter to determine "endpoints". The chemical indicators change color at a certain pH points(the endpoint). The mix of alkaline species change as pH decreases. Hydroxide alkalinity disappears below pH 10.3, carbonate below 8.3 and bicarbonate below 4.3 (or thereabout). The P indicator turns from pink to clear at or below pH 8.3 The M indicator turns from orange to yellow below pH 4.3. The amount of acid required to produce a color change is used to calculate the amount of P and M alkalinity. The P and M results are use to calculate "O" or hydroxide alkalinity. Depending on the ionic constituents of the water, these relationships can change or be interfered with.
What has the author M Harmsworth written?
M. Harmsworth has written: 'The seasonal efficiency of an oil fired boiler'
What is the difference in Boiler efficiency between CFBC Boiler and PF Boiler while firing powdery coal -50 percent less than 5 mm size?
Cfbc stands for circulating fludised bed combustion where as afbc is for atmospheric fluidise bed combustion afbc bed fluidising velocity is approx 4 m/s and in cfbc boiler fluidising velocity is 9-10 m/s. cfbc having low SOx & NOx comparative with afbc cfbc having higher efficiency up to 98.5 % then afbc boiler,cfbc boiler power consumption is more comparative to afbc.
What is the best description for a solution with a hydroxide-ion concentration of 1x10-4 M?
A solution with a hydroxide-ion concentration of 1x10-4 M is considered basic because it has a higher concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) relative to hydronium ions (H+). This concentration indicates a low pH value and a high alkalinity.
Characteristics of boiler feedwater?
In the manufacture of boilers, high purity feed water is required to ensure the proper functioning of the steam generating system. High purity feed water reduces the use of chemicals in the boiler due to less frequent blow downs (reducing the blow down frequency by up to 10 times).A lower purge frequency also translates into lower fuel costs. Descaling is reduced due to the lower concentration of impurities in the boiler feed water, which pollute the heat transfer surface. Lower levels of impurities also reduce the rate of corrosion in the boiler. When boilers are used to operate steam turbines, erosion of the turbine blades is reduced by the higher purity steam produced. The use of reverse osmosis (RO) in feed water treatment systems reduces chemical costs by reducing the frequency of ion exchange regeneration. A complete system, including reverse osmosis and ion exchange, often results in a more cost effective system than systems that do not use reverse osmosis. However, the common use of reverse osmosis requires significant use of pre-treatment unit operations, which also adds to the overall cost of the system. Silicate and colloidal deposits reduce the efficiency of the boiler and also cause premature failure of the turbines. Ultrafiltration can remove over 99% of colloidal silica as well as precipitated iron and aluminum. Reducing particulate matter, suspended solids and total organic carbon (TOC) also improves turbine and boiler efficiency. But the use of conventional membrane technologies has encountered significant membrane clogging problems. Task. Filtration of the boiler feed water allows for optimal downstream performance. A boiler chemicals or power plant to meet the stringent requirements for more efficient boiler efficiency. Solution Technological advances in membrane filtration systems are opening up opportunities for industrial boilers and steam. Power plants to treat boiler feed water streams to meet more stringent system performance requirements.VSEP® or New Logic Research's Vibration Cutting Advanced Processing makes this possible filter incoming water or waste water streams without the clogging problems of conventional membrane systems. Membrane system significantly reduces TDS, TSS, TOC, color, silica and inlet hardness Sources are taken from city water, well water and river / surface water, which minimizes treatment costs. The purification system uses ultrafiltration (UF), Nano filtration (NF) or reverse osmosis modules to treat the incoming water and create permeable flow meets the boiler feed water criteria for suspended and dissolved solids, silica and hardness. After final polishing with ion exchange resin, the penetrant can be used as boiler feed water. Reverse osmosis filtration can be used if an almost complete removal of dissolved solids is required, and some have started using spiral winding for this work, that is, the final polishing step. Thus, purification systems can be used to treat boiler water with minimal final polishing with ion exchange resins.This alternative separation process eliminates the need for pretreatment and can significantly reduce the use of regeneration chemicals, thereby reducing the disposal and associated costs of used regenerators. For industrial boilers and power plant systems, as well as in the cogeneration industry, membrane systems are used.This process can now be used where traditional cross-flow membrane technologies in the past faced significant membrane fouling problems.It is an attractive alternative to traditional filtration methods thanks to its innovative vibration design. pl-supplies dot com
Rank these water solutions in order of increasing vapor pressure?
0.1 M NaCl solution Pure water 0.1 M glucose solution Vapor pressure increases with decreasing solute concentration, so the order from lowest to highest vapor pressure would be: NaCl solution, glucose solution, pure water.
Why does the 'M' on M and Ms float in water?
The 'M' on M&M's floats in water because it is made of edible ink printed on rice paper, which is lightweight and buoyant. The rice paper does not dissolve quickly in water, allowing the 'M' to stay afloat.
What does the M mean in LEM Products Inc?
In LEM what does the M mean
