Remember that taxonomic classification has eight main levels:
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Species
All starfish belong to the domain Eukarya, the kingdom Animalia, the phylum Echionodermata, and the class Asteroidea. After this they diverge into different orders, families, and species. There are around 2000 species of starfish overall, each with a different two-part scientific name.
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There are many families and genera of "starfish" including the families Oreasteridae and Asteriidae, and the genera Asterias, Protoreaster and Culcita within the overall class Asteroidea.
These include the common sea stars Asterias Forbesii(Forbes sea star) and Asterias rubens.
There are more than 2000 species of starfish, thus there is not one single scientific name for starfish.
However, all starfish are grouped into the echinoderm class called Asteroidea.
There are many different types of star fish. The common star is called Asterias forbesii http://members.aol.com/Dropnet/Starfish.html
The scientific name for starfish is Asteroidea.
The scientific name of a spiny starfish is "Marthasterias glacialis."
The scientific name of a cushion starfish is Culcita novaeguineae.
The scientific name for spiny-skinned animals, such as sea urchins and sea stars, is Echinodermata. This phylum includes marine organisms with a calcareous endoskeleton covered by spines or plates.
The scientific name for squids is Decapodiformes.