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Most of South America's trade is with other continents, the United States, Western Europe, and Japan being major trading partners. Brazil and Venezuela are the dominant trade exporters on the continent, and Brazil accounts for much of the imports. Petroleum and other petroleum related products are the principal components of foreign trade.

The most important regional trade association for South America is the Latin American Integration Association (LAIA), formerly known as the Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA). The intracontinental trade consists mainly of commodities such as wheat, cattle, wine, and bananas. The external trade is the continents important trade and this consists of mainly trade in agricultural and mining commodities. South America is a major world contributor of petroleum, coffee, copper, bauxite, fish meal, and oilseed.

South American countries have attempted to form trading blocks or associations to protect markets from outside competitors. The Andean Pact between Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela was formed in 1969 did not succeed with these goals. Today several new trade associations have been formed. The most significant of these being the Southern Cone Common Market (known by its Spanish acronym MERCOSUR) between Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, with Bolivia as an associate member; the Group of Three between Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela and also the Association of Caribbean States (ACS), which includes Colombia, Suriname, and Venezuela.

In 1994 the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was established between Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Argentina, Chile and Colombia have since shown interest in joining. Brazil has suggested a separate trade agreement for the South Americas, the South American Free Trade Area (SAFTA), based on MERCOSUR, and could eventually join NAFTA in a new hemispheric grouping.

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Q: On what continents are South America's leading trade partners located?
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