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Short answer: 4

Long answer: Grammatical terms as we know them in English break down when it comes to Japanese, a language where nouns act like adjectives, and adjectives act like verbs.

There are 4 main tenses in Japanese, learn those and you'll be able to say what you want. Dive a little deeper, however, and you'll find other tenses cropping up. There are for example a host of auxiliary "verbs" that can change the tense of a sentence. "-te aru" is an auxiliary that is often translated into English as "has been ~". That brings the total to 6 ("-te aru" plus "-te atta"). But then there are also forms such as "-te oku/-te oita". This doesn't translate well into English, but it could arguably be another tense as it is a verb form that mixes present and future. Finally, things like "-(ru) darou" and "shiyo" are often translated as a future volitional tense.

That brings our count so far to 9 tenses, with perhaps others, depending on how you define them. But again, like I said, grammatical definitions get hazy in Japanese if you're trying to compare them with English counterparts.

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11y ago
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6mo ago

There are five basic tenses in Japanese: present, past, future, present progressive, and past progressive. Additionally, Japanese language also includes various auxiliary verbs and constructions for expressing different nuances of time and aspect.

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Q: How many verb tenses are there in Japanese?
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