The element uranium (U) has 92 protons in its nucleus. That's where its atomic number comes from. When we see an isotope of an element written in "standard" form, the element name or symbol will be followed by the Atomic Mass (atomic weight) of the isotope. This number is basically the number of protons and neutrons (called nucleons when they are in an atomic nucleus) in an atom. In this case, we have U-235 and U-238. In the first case, 235 - 92 = 143, so U-235 has 143 neutrons. In the second case, 238 - 92 = 146, so U-238 has 146 neutrons. See the Related Questions below for how to find the number of neutrons in any atom.
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Argon has 22 neutrons.
Hydrogen typically has 0 neutrons.
No, not all nuclei contain both protons and neutrons. Hydrogen-1, the simplest atom, has only one proton in its nucleus and no neutrons. Other elements can have different numbers of protons and neutrons in their nuclei.
Indium has 66 neutrons.
the average amount of neutrons in chlorine is 18, but there could be more or less with the different isotopes