Depends on the temperature of the water.
If it is 32 degree water and you want 32 degree ice then you need a -144 BTU loss to change state from liquid to solid.
It takes 1 BTU to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree (F).
If the water is 82 degrees then you would need a -50 BTU loss (+) 144 BTU to change state.
TOTAL WEIGHT OF WATER (X) 1 BTU (X) Degrees desired of change.
If it is ICE to WATER then it is the TEMP of ICE (X) .5 BTU (X) NUMBER OF DEGREES INCREASED = TOTAL BTU needs.
If you change state in the process you have to add 144 BTU for 32 degree ICE to 32 degree WATER and 970 BTU for 212 degree WATER to 212 degree STEAM but only when you change state.
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Assuming the water is already at freezing temperature, and we need only convert its state from a liquid to a solid:
Therefore, it takes 143 BTUs to freeze one pound of water.
To change 1 pound of water to 1 pound of ice, you would need 144 BTUs of energy as it takes approximately 144 BTUs to convert 1 pound of water at 32°F to 1 pound of ice at 32°F.
It takes approximately 144 BTUs to change one pound of ice at 20°F to water at 212°F, and an additional 970 BTUs to change the water to steam at 220°F, for a total of 1114 BTUs.
To change 5 pounds of ice at 20°F to steam at 220°F, you will need to go through multiple phases: raise ice temperature to 32°F, melt ice to water at 32°F, raise water temperature to 212°F, and then convert water to steam at 212°F to steam at 220°F. The total heat required, in BTUs, is around 503 BTUs per pound of ice, which translates to about 2515 BTUs for 5 pounds of ice.
It takes approximately 970 BTUs to vaporize one pound of water. Therefore, for 5 pounds of water, it would require 4850 BTUs to vaporize all of it.
To change 10 pounds of ice at 20 degrees Fahrenheit to steam at 220 degrees Fahrenheit, you need to supply enough energy to first melt the ice, then heat the water to the boiling point, and finally convert it to steam. This process requires approximately 180 BTUs per pound of ice to melt it, 180 BTUs per pound of water to heat it to the boiling point, and then 970 BTUs per pound of water to convert it to steam. So, for 10 pounds of ice, the total BTUs required would be around 18,300 BTUs.
To change one pound of ice at 20°F to steam at 220°F, you need to consider two processes: heating the ice to 32°F, melting the ice at 32°F, heating the water to 212°F, and finally boiling the water to steam at 220°F. The total number of BTUs required for this process is around 1440 BTUs.