the asophagus by, the muscles in the (Gullet) by contractions in the gullet. i think ?
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Food is moved along the esophagus through a process called peristalsis, which involves the contraction and relaxation of muscles in the esophagus. These muscle contractions create wave-like movements that push the food towards the stomach. Additionally, gravity helps to move food downward as you swallow.
The term "asophagus" appears to be a misspelling of the word "esophagus," which is the muscular tube connecting the throat (pharynx) with the stomach. Its primary function is to transport food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach through a series of coordinated muscle contractions.
Peristalsis, which is a series of coordinated muscle contractions and relaxations that push food along the digestive tract. These contractions help move food from the mouth to the stomach and through the intestines for digestion and absorption of nutrients.
As a simplified response, muscles in the tongue pushes food into the pharynx. However, it's a little more complicated than that. This address has good info on your question: http://www.nature.com/gimo/contents/pt1/full/gimo1.html
Yes, carbon is passed along the food chain as organisms consume other organisms. When organisms eat, they obtain carbon-containing molecules from their food, which are used for energy and growth. When these organisms are consumed by others, the carbon is further passed along the food chain.
Trans-membrane diffusion.