they were born with them, except when cheetahs are born they have black and white markings on their back to look like a honey badger because most animals are afraid of honey badgers so the cheetah cub wont get hurt so until their one month old they start to grow their spot all over their body.
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The cheetah's spots are used as camouflage and it's yellow color is used to blend in with the grass.
Cheetahs have spots because they use the spots for camouflage when hunting, or when hiding from hyenas,lion,,or leopards.
They adapted from like a leopard to speedy and use suprise to kill so they adapted to get spots that help them blend in in the tall grass of the savanna