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A hemolytic transfusion reaction is a serious problem that occurs after a patient receives a transfusion of blood. The red blood cells that were given to the patient are destroyed by the patient's own immune system.
Alternative NamesBlood transfusion reaction
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsBlood is classified into different blood types called A, B, AB, and O.
The immune system normally can tell its own blood cells from blood cells from another person. If other blood cells enter your body, your immune system may make antibodies again them. These antibodies will work to destroy the blood cells that the body does not recognize. For example, a person with type A blood makes antibodies against type B blood cells.
Another way blood cells may be classified is by Rh factors. People who have Rh factors in their blood are called "Rh positive." People without these factors are called "Rh negative." Rh negative people form antibodies against Rh factor if they receive Rh positive blood.
There are also other factors to identify blood cells, in addition to ABO and Rh.
Blood that you receive in a transfusion must be compatible. Being compatible means that your body will not form antibodies against the blood you receive. Blood transfusion between compatible groups (such as O+ to O+) usually causes no problem. Blood transfusion between incompatible groups (such as A+ to O-) causes an immune response. This can lead to a very serious transfusion reaction. The immune system attacks the donated blood cells, causing them to burst.
Today, all blood is carefully screened. Modern lab methods and many checks have helped make these transfusion reactions very rare.
Symptoms- Bloody urine
- Chills
- Fainting or dizziness
- Fever
- Flank pain or back pain
- Rash
Symptoms of transfusion reaction usually appear during or right after the transfusion. Sometimes, they may develop after several days (delayed reaction).
Signs and testsThis disease may change the results of these tests:
- Bilirubin
- CBC
- Coombs' test, direct
- Coombs' test, indirect
- Fibrin degradation products
- Haptoglobin
- Hematocrit
- Hemoglobin
- RBC count
- Serum creatinine
- Serum hemoglobin
- Urinalysis
Therapy can prevent or treat the severe effects of a hemolytic transfusion reaction. If symptoms occur during the transfusion, the transfusion is stopped immediately. Blood samples from the person getting the transfusion and from the donor may be tested to tell whether symptoms are being caused by a transfusion reaction.
Mild symptoms may be treated with the following:
- Antihistamine drugs (such as diphenhydramine) can treat itching and rash.
- The pain reliever, acetaminophen can reduce fever and discomfort.
- Corticosteroids (such as prednisone or dexamethasone) can reduce the immune response.
- Fluids given through a vein (intravenous) and other medications may be used to treat or prevent kidney failure and shock.
The outcome depends on the severity of the reaction. The disorder may disappear without problems. Or, it may be severe and life threatening.
Complications- Acute kidney failure
- Anemia
- Discomfort
- Lung dysfunction
- Shock
Tell your health care provider if you are having a blood transfusion and you have had a reaction before.
PreventionDonated blood is put into ABO and Rh groups to reduce the risk of transfusion reaction.
Before a transfusion, patient and donor blood is tested (crossmatched) to see if it is compatible. A small amount of donor blood is mixed with a small amount of patient blood. The mixture is checked under a microscope for signs of antibody reaction.
Before the transfusion is given, the health care provider will usually check again to make sure you are receiving the right unit of blood.
ReferencesGoodnough L. Transfusion medicine. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 183.
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blood transfusion
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J. A. F. Napier has written:
'Handbook of blood transfusion therapy' -- subject(s): Transfusion, Blood Transfusion, Blood
'Blood transfusion therapy' -- subject(s): Transfusion, Blood
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Blood transfusion does not affect personality.
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The duration of Automaton Transfusion is 1.17 hours.
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You can't get chlamydia from a blood transfusion, as chlamydia is not in the blood.
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Sometimes problems occur with a blood transfusion, but that is supposed to be rare. Some people can have an allergic reaction to the transfusion.
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Louis Jullien has written:
'De la transfusion du sang' -- subject(s): Transfusion, Blood Transfusion, Blood
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Heparin is given after a transfusion to prevent blood clotting.
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blood transfusion and low iron
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can a blood transfusion cause anaphylactic shock
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After an operation, many patients need a blood transfusion.
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less than 20k count needs transfusion
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There are several different labels for the department, here are a few:
Blood Bank, Blood Transfusion Services, Transfusion Medicine
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T. cruzi can be transmitted by blood transfusion
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International Society of Blood Transfusion was created in 1935.
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Asian Journal of Transfusion Science was created in 2007.
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I survived many years ago by getting a blood transfusion.
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"Adverse" means harmful or unfavorable, and transfusion probably refers to blood transfusion--so a negative reaction to a blood transfusion? The term is very vague; without context it's hard to say exactly what this would mean.
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This winter has been so long that I need a transfusion of sunshine.
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Stop the transfusion immediately, monitor vital signs, and notify the healthcare provider. Chills and rigors during a blood transfusion could indicate a transfusion reaction which needs to be addressed promptly to prevent further complications.
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Jean-Jacques Peumery has written:
'Les origines de la transfusion sanguine' -- subject(s): Blood, Blood Transfusion, History, Transfusion
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Blood type A can receive a transfusion from blood types A and AB.
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No, blood cannot be drawn during a transfusion as the purpose of a transfusion is to provide blood to the patient, not to remove blood from them. Drawing blood during a transfusion would disrupt the process and potentially cause harm to the patient.
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There is no standard abbreviation for blood transfusion. A common abbreviation used though is tx.
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The cast of Transfusion - 1910 includes: King Baggot Florence Lawrence
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Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service was created in 1930.
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Risks associated with autologous blood transfusion include transfusion reaction if an allogeneic blood transfusion was inadvertently given and transmission of infectious agents if the blood became contaminated.
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Transfusion of your own blood (autologous) is the safest method but requires advance planning and not all patients are eligible.
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The tissue immediately surrounding at least part of the vascular bundles in the leaves of gymno-sperms, e.g. Pinus. Transfusion tissue is composed of tracheids (transfusion tracheids) with conspicuous *bordered pits , and parenchyma cells (transfusion parenchyma) containing tannin-like substances and sometimes starch. The main function of the transfusion tissue is believed to be the transport of materials between the vascular bundles and the mesophyll.
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Antamine is given 30 minutes before a blood transfusion. This is to assess for allergic reactions.
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One example of how to use transfusion in a sentence is:
Transfusions are used to replace lost components of the blood.
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It is very rare for you to have a blood transfusion. In most cases, you do not need one.
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If you receive a blood transfusion, you are under no obligation to "return" (or "donate") any blood to back the blood bank. This is true both before and after receiving a blood transfusion - i.e you do not have to have donated blood previously, before you can have a transfusion. (At least, this is how it works in the UK). Nice to know, really.
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CBC is typically checked before the blood transfusion, to establish baseline values and ensure the patient is a suitable candidate for the procedure. After the transfusion, CBC is usually checked about 1-2 hours post-transfusion to evaluate the response and assess for any adverse reactions.
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Usually, you can.
But you will be requested to wait a year or so to make extra-double-certain that you didn't pick up any disease with the transfused blood that you'll then will pass on to someone else.
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These complications may include an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR), which is most commonly caused by ABO incompatibility. The patient may complain of pain, difficult breathing, fever and chills, facial flushing, and nausea.
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The person would eventually die if they received a water transfusion instead of a blood transfusion. It would most likely be a slow and painful death.
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Jeffrey J. McCullough has written:
'Transfusion medicine' -- subject(s): Blood, Blood Transfusion, Blood banks, Blood donors, Blood groups, Organization & administration, Transfusion
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The only iv fluid used to start a blood transfusion in normal saline.
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