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1. Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.) Macedonian. Conquered Persian Empire and Northern India.
2. Khaled ibn al-Waleed (588-642). Arab-Muslim. Crushed the forces of Byzantium and Perisa in 13 months only!
3. Musa ibn Nusayr (d. 717). Arab-Muslim. Conquered North Africa and Iberia (Spain and Portugal).
4. Asad al-Din Shirkuh (d. 1169). Kurd, uncle of Saladin. Defeated the Crusaders, Byzantines, Fatimids, made Islamic victory in the Crusades inevitable.
5. Zayn al-Din (d. 1170). Turkish. Defeated the Crusaders and Byzantines.
6. Genghis Khan (1162-1227). Mongol. Defeated the Chinese, Turks, Persians, etc. Formed the Great Mongol Empire.
7. Subotai (fl. 13th century). Mongol. Conquered Eastern and Central Europe.
8. Gedik Ahmad Pasha (d.1482). Ottoman Turkish. Defeated Ukrainians, Genoese, Italians, Hungarians, Persians, Egyptians, etc.
9. Louis Nicholas Davout (1770-1823). French. Napoleon's greatest marshal. Defeated Austrians, Prussians, Russians, Swedes, etc.
10. Duke of Wellington (1769-1852). British. Defeated the French, Moghuls, etc. Never lost a single battle nor even a "single British gun!"
There are others, but these were the ones that came into my mind for the time being.
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The great and scholarly Sultan of Egypt and Syria!
Saladin, pronounced Salah al-Din in Arabic, was a Kurd born in Tikrit, Iraq in 1137. In 1174 he became Sultan of both Egypt and Syria after the death of Nur ad-Din, who was once Saladin's political rival and once-mentor.
During the time he spent gaining power in Egypt and Syria, Saladin tried to avoid open conflict with the Crusaders, who the Muslims referred to collectively as Franks. But after Nur ad-Din's death, Saladin know had a large enough army to pursue his goal of recapturing the Holy Land.
Following a year long truce with the Crusaders, on July 4, 1178 Saladin defeated the Crusaders at the Battle of Hattin. During this battle Saladin captured the King of Jerusalem Guy de Lusignan. Next he marched on the city itself but found it defended by a knight, Balian of Ibelin. Balian and only a handful of other knights successfully defended the city from Saladin's attack until an agreement was made between the two, Balian would surrender the city to Saladin, as long as Saladin allowed the Christians to leave safely with the payment of a ransom.
The fall of Jerusalem led to the calling of the Third Crusade, and soon Saladin's famous rival Richard I of England was on his way to the Holy Land along with the King of France and the Hly Roman Emperor. The armies of Richard and Saladin soon fought several times and the two leaders had a great respect for each other. Before Richard surrounded the city, Saladin burnt all the crops in the fields outside of the city walls so Richard and his army would have no food. Eventually Richard realized that even if he did capture Jerusalem, he would not be able to defend it against Saladin, so in 1192 the two kings agreed to a truce. Saladin would remian in control of Jerusalem, so long as he allowed safe passage to and from the city for Christian pilgrims.
The following year, in the city of Damascas in Syria, Saladin passed away on March 4. When his advisors opened his treasury there was not enough money to even bury the great Sultan, he had long since given nearly everything away to charity.
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