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Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a form of cardiomyopathy in which the walls of the heart become rigid.
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People with restrictive cardiomyopathy usually feel tired and weak, and have shortness of breath, especially during exercise.
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Obtaining early treatment for diseases that might cause restrictive cardiomyopathy might prevent or slow the development of heart wall stiffness.
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The heart muscle of the ventricles becomes rigid
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The prognosis for patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy is poor. If the disease process causing the problem can be treated, the damage to the heart muscle may be stopped.
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The diagnosis is usually based on a physical examination, echocardiography, and other tests as needed.
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Cardiomyopathy is not common (affecting about 50,000 persons in the United States)
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Cardiomyopathy is a disorder of the heart muscle. There are four main types of cardiomyopathy: * Dilated cardiomyopathy - where the heart dilates (enlarges). * Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - where the heart muscle becomes thickened ('hypertrophied'). * Restrictive cardiomyopathy - where the heart muscle cannot relax properly between heartbeats. This is rare. * Arrhythmogenic right ventricular - a rare type which mainly affects the right side of the heart. Dilated cardiomyopathy
In this condition the heart muscle is weakened. The ventricles then dilate (enlarge) as their muscular walls are weaker and more 'floppy' than normal. Therefore, the heart does not pump blood as strongly as normal. (Note: other common heart conditions can cause a dilated heart. For example, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure and heart valve disease. These conditions can put a 'strain' on the heart which may cause the heart to dilate. With dilated cardiomyopathy, the heart dilates because of a problem or disease of the heart muscle itself.) About 2 in 10, 000 people in the UK develop dilated cardiomyopathy each year. People at any age and either sex may be affected.
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whether iga nephropathy causes cardiomyopathy
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Restrictive cardiomyopathy refers to a group of disorders in which the heart chambers are unable to properly fill with blood because of stiffness in the heart.
Alternative NamesCardiomyopathy - restrictive; Infiltrative cardiomyopathy
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsIn restrictive cardiomyopathy, the heart is of normal size or only slightly enlarged. However, it cannot relax normally during the time between heartbeats when the blood returns from the body to the heart (diastole).
Later in the disease, the heart may not pump blood efficiently. The abnormal heart function can affect the lungs, liver, and other body systems. Restrictive cardiomyopathy may affect either or both ventricles. It may be associated with a disease of the heart muscle.
The most common causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy are amyloidosis and scarring of the heart from an unknown cause (idiopathic myocardial fibrosis). It frequently occurs after a heart transplant.
Other causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy include:
- Carcinoid heart disease
- Diseases of the heart lining (endocardium), such as endomyocardial fibrosis and Loeffler's syndrome (rare)
- Iron overload (hemochromatosis)
- Radiation fibrosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Scleroderma
- Tumors of the heart
Symptoms of heart failure are most common. Usually, these symptoms develop slowly over time. However, sometimes symptoms start very suddenly and are severe.
Common symptoms are:
- Cough
- Difficulty breathing
- At night
- Especially with exertion
- When lying flat
- Fatigue, poor exercise tolerance
- Irregular or rapid pulse
- Loss of appetite
- Swelling of the abdomen
- Swelling of the feet and ankles
Other symptoms may include:
- Chest pain
- Decreased alertness or concentration
- Failure to thrive (in children)
- Low urine production
- Need to urinate at night (in adults)
- Shock (low blood pressure)
An examination may show:
- Enlarged (distended) or bulging neck veins
- Enlarged liver
- Lung crackles and abnormal or distant heart sounds when listening to the chest with a stethoscope (auscultation)
- Fluid backup into the hands and feet
- Signs of heart failure
Children will have:
- Difficulty feeding
- Pale skin
- Poor growth
- Weak pulses in the legs and arms
Tests for restrictive cardiomyopathy include:
- Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography
- Chest CT scan
- Chest x-ray
- ECG(electrocardiogram)
- Echocardiogramand Doppler study
- MRI of the heart
- Nuclear heart scan (MUGA, RNV)
- Serum iron studies
Restrictive cardiomyopathy may be hard to tell apart from constrictive pericarditis. A biopsy of the heart muscle or cardiac catheterization may help confirm the diagnosis.
TreatmentWhen the cause of any cardiomyopathy can be found, that condition is treated.
Few treatments are known to be effective for restrictive cardiomyopathy. The main goal of treatment is to control symptoms and improve quality of life.
The following treatments may be used to control symptoms or prevent problems:
- Blood thinning medications, either aspirin or warfarin
- Chemotherapy (in some situations)
- Diuretics to remove fluid and help improve breathing
- Medications to prevent or control irregular or abnormal heart rhythms
- Steroids for specific causes
A heart transplant may be considered if the heart function is very poor and the patient has many symptoms.
Expectations (prognosis)People with restrictive cardiomyopathy may be heart transplant candidates. The outlook depends on the cause of the condition, but it is usually poor. Average survival after diagnosis is 9 years.
Complications- Arrhythmias
- Mitral regurgitation
- Progressive heart failure
- Tricuspid regurgitation
Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy.
ReferencesHare JM. The dilated, restrictive, and infiltrative cardiomyopathies. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 64.
Wexler RK, Elton T, Pleister A, Feldman D. Cardiomyopathy: An overview. Am Fam Physician. 2009;79:778-784.
Bernstein D. Diseases of the myocardium. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 439.
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type and is the leading cause of heart attacks. When you have CAD, your arteries become hard and narrow. Blood has a hard time getting to the heart, so the heart does not get all the blood it needs.
CAD can lead to: Angina. Angina is chest pain or discomfort that happens when the heart does not get enough blood.
Myocardial Infarction (MI) or Heart Attack
Arrhythmia or Irregular Heart Rhythm
Atrial Fibrillation
Heart Valve Disease
Congenital Heart disease
Cardiomyopathy (Heart Muscle Disease)
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomegaly (Enlarged Heart)
Pericarditis
Pericardial Effusion
Marfan Syndrome
Heart Murmurs
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type and is the leading cause of heart attacks. When you have CAD, your arteries become hard and narrow. Blood has a hard time getting to the heart, so the heart does not get all the blood it needs.
CAD can lead to: Angina. Angina is chest pain or discomfort that happens when the heart does not get enough blood.
Myocardial Infarction (MI) or Heart Attack
Arrhythmia or Irregular Heart Rhythm
Atrial Fibrillation
Heart Valve Disease
Congenital Heart disease
Cardiomyopathy (Heart Muscle Disease)
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomegaly (Enlarged Heart)
Pericarditis
Pericardial Effusion
Marfan Syndrome
Heart Murmurs
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many many many things. but the definition of cardiomyopathy is a low ejection fraction... under 50%.
1 answer
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type and is the leading cause of heart attacks. When you have CAD, your arteries become hard and narrow. Blood has a hard time getting to the heart, so the heart does not get all the blood it needs.
CAD can lead to: Angina. Angina is chest pain or discomfort that happens when the heart does not get enough blood.
Myocardial Infarction (MI) or Heart Attack
Arrhythmia or Irregular Heart Rhythm
Atrial Fibrillation
Heart Valve Disease
Congenital Heart Disease
Cardiomyopathy (Heart Muscle Disease)
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomegaly (Enlarged Heart)
Pericarditis
Pericardial Effusion
Marfan Syndrome
Heart Murmurs
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Yes, a dog with cardiomyopathy can still breed. However, there is a chance that the puppies may inherit this heart problem.
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What is non restrictive phone line
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The noun form for the adjective restrictive is restrictiveness.
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Cardiomyopathy is a heart condition that not only affects middle-aged and elderly persons, but can also affect infants, children, and adolescents
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If you or someone close to you have cardiomyopathy then a cardiologist is the best person to speak to about this. But to give a brief answer to your question,; yes there are various surgical procedures that can be used to help manage cardiomyopathy. These include implanting a pacemaker or a defibrillator, and heart transplantation.
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Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle in which it becomes inflamed and works poorly. If this is caused by a virus it is called viral cardiomyopathy. There are three major forms of the disease: dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive.
Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common form. The heart cavity becomes enlarged and stretched, which is known as cardiac dilation. The heart is weak and doesn't pump normally, and most patients will develop congestive heart failure. Abnormal heart rhythms, which are known as arrhythmias, and disturbances in the heart's electrical conduction are also possible. Blood clots form easily in this situation, since blood flows more slowly through an enlarged (dilated) heart. A blood clot that forms in an artery or the heart is called a thrombus. A clot that breaks free, circulates in the bloodstream and blocks a small blood vessel is called an embolus. This can be a cause of stroke and/or cut off blood to organs or the legs and arms.
In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the muscle mass of the left ventricle enlarges, which can alo be called hypertrophy. The symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may include dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath with exertion, and angina pectoris. Angina is a form of chest pain/discomfort which results from a low supply of blood to the heart muscle. Some people may experience cardiac arrhythmias. These are abnormal heart rhythms that in some cases lead to sudden death. The obstruction to blood flow from the left ventricle increases the ventricle's work, and a heart murmur may be heard.
Restrictive cardiomyopathy is the least common form of the disease in the United States. The heart muscle of the ventricles, known as myocardium, becomes so rigid that it is more difficult for the ventricles to fill with blood in between heartbeats. A person experiencing restrictive cardiomyopathy will often complain about being tired, may have swollen hands and feet, and may find it difficult to breathe when exerting energy. This type of cardiomyopathy is usually due to another disease process.
No matter what form this disease can be very dangerous and it is important to be seeing a cardiologist and following his advice exactly as well as keeping track of how you feel each day and noting anything unusual (jot down symptom, time and what you were doing). This helps you give your doctor a clearer picture of how this disease is affecting you. There are different treatments available and how you are treated depends on the type and cause of the cardiomyopathy as well as your health and lifestyle.
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The noun form of the adjective 'restrictive' is restrictiveness.
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Cardiomyopathy is the discernible deterioration of the cardiac (heart) muscle that leads to heart failure. This condition is dangerous and can lead to arrhythmias or even cardiac arrest.
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy typically is a hereditary disease that can be inherited. The disorder has a variable presentation and carries a high incidence of sudden death.
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Dilated cardiomyopathy means that the heart is not pumping blood as it should be, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue and weakness, shortness of breath and swelling of the abdomen.
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The noun form of the adjective restrictive is restrictiveness.
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The verb for restrictive is restrict.
As in "to restrict something or someone".
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A restrictive statement is one that keeps you from disclosing information. Sometimes lawyers will use restrictive statements to keep their clients safe.
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Restrictive Practices Court was created in 1956.
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Restrictive surgery is often referred to as "stomach stapling"
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HE stain) is a disease that is characterized by the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, which makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood.
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