I cannot see where the Nyquist theorem relates to cables, fiber or not.
The theorem I know, the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, talks about the limitations in sampling a continuous (analog) signal at discrete intervals to turn it into digital form.
An optical fiber or other cable merely transport bits, there is no analog/digital conversion and no sampling taking place.
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The Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem states that in order to accurately capture a waveform, the sampling frequency must be at least twice the frequency of the waveform. If the sampling frequency is too low compared to the waveform frequency, aliasing can occur, resulting in distorted representations of the waveform.
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Nyquist theorem, also known as the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, is a fundamental concept in signal processing that applies to all types of communication channels, including optical fiber and copper wire. It states that in order to accurately reconstruct a signal, the sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency component of the signal. This principle is essential for digital communication systems to avoid aliasing and ensure reliable data transmission in both optical fiber and copper wire environments.
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The Nyquist theorem is a property of mathematics and has nothing to do with technology. It says that if you have a function whose Fourier spectrum does not contain any sines or cosines above f, then by sampling the function at a frequency of 2fyou capture all the information there is. Thus, the Nyquist theorem is true for all media.
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The Nyquist theorem defines the maximum bit rate of a noiseless channel.
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The Nyquist theorem is a property of mathematics and has nothing to do with
technology. It says that if you have a function whose Fourier spectrum does
not contain any sines or cosines above f, then by sampling the function at a frequency of 2f you capture all the information there is. Thus, the Nyquist
theorem is true for all media.
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The Nyquist Theorem says that the sampling frequency should be twice the bandwidth to avoid aliasing. Thus if the bandwidth of the system is bw then the sampling frequency f=2*bw.
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Answer The most common sampling theorem is known from Harry Nyquist, 1889 -1976. It is the foundation of digital audio. In 1928, Nyquist wrote a paper called "Certain Factors in Telegraph Transmission Theory" where he proved that for complete signal reconstruction, the required frequency bandwidth is proportional to the signaling speed, and that the minimum bandwidth is equal to half the number of code elements per second.
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As we know that the sampling rate is two times of the highest frequency (Nyquist theorm)
Sampling rate=2 Nyquist
fs=8000hz/8khz
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in automatic control the nyquist theorem is used to determine if a system is stable or not. there is also something called the simplified nyguist theorem that says if the curve cuts the "x-axies" to the right of point (-1,0) then the system is stable, otherwise its not.
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if the sampling rate is twice that of maximum frequency component in the message signal it is known as nyquist rate
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The Nyquist frequency should not be confused with the Nyquist rate, which is the minimum sampling rate that satisfies the Nyquist sampling criterionfor a given signal or family of signals. The Nyquist rate is twice the maximum component frequency of the function being sampled. For example, the Nyquist rate for the sinusoid at 0.6 fs is 1.2 fs, which means that at the fs rate, it is being undersampled. Thus, Nyquist rate is a property of a continuous-time signal, whereas Nyquist frequency is a property of a discrete-time system.
When the function domain is time, sample rates are usually expressed in samples/second, and the unit of Nyquist frequency is cycles/second (hertz). When the function domain is distance, as in an image sampling system, the sample rate might be dots per inch and the corresponding Nyquist frequency would be in cycles/inch.
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The Nyquist Theorem states that an audio sample should be taken with sufficient deviation compensated for. For instance if a volume comes in at 30 DB then the sample should range all the way up to 60 DB.
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Bad frequency aliasing. See Nyquist criteria.
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sampling theorem is defined as , the sampling frequency should be greater than or equal to 2*maximum frequency, and the frequency should be bounded..
i,e
fs=2*fmax
where fs= sampling frequency
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Use Nyquist and Shannon Heartly theorem to solve this
Nyquist theorem says that
Channel Capacity C = 2 * Bandwidth * log2 (Number of Signal levels)
Shannon Heartly theorem says that
Channel Capacity C = Bandwidth * log2( 1 + SNR)
Important points to consider while solving
Bandwidth is expressed in Hz
SNR is expressed in dB it must be converted using dB value = 10 log10(SNR)
(10 dB = 10, 20 dB = 100, 30 dB = 1000 etc..)
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The Central Limit THeorem say that the sampling distribution of .. is ... It would help if you read your question before posting it.
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The sampling rate is the number of samples taken from a continuous signal over a period of time (typically measured per second - Sa/s or Samples per Second).
The Nyquist - Shannon Sample Theorem states that a sample rate should be double the highest recorded frequency. Since the range of human hearing is 20Hz - 20,000 Hz, the minimum sample rate should be 40,000 Hz. CD format sample rates are 44.1kHz for this reason as well as other technical reasons.
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not sure what your asking, but if you are asking what i think your asking, you have to sample at least at twice bandwidth of the frequency you are sampling. This is known as Nyquist Rate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist_rate
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sampling is a one type of process use for converting into analog signal to digital signal.
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It states that for satisfactory representation of the sampled signal the sampling frequency must be atleast equal to twice the highest input freq, which is called nyquist sampling. If its less than twice, undersamplin occurs resulting in distortion.
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The minimum sample rate required to record a frequency of 96 kHz is 192 kHz. This is because according to the Nyquist theorem, the minimum sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency in order to accurately reconstruct the original signal. So for a frequency of 96 kHz, the minimum required sampling rate is double, which equals 192 kHz.
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The Nyquist Therorem states that the lowest sampling rate has to be equil to or greather than 2 times the highest frequency. Therefore the sampling rate should be 400Hz or more.
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Sampling Theorum is related to signal processing and telecommunications. Sampling is the process of converting a signal into a numeric sequence. The sampling theorum gives you a rule using DT signals to transmit or receive information accurately.
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This is the Central Limit Theorem.
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Oversampling is part of signal processing. It is the process of using a sampling frequency that is higher than the Nyquist rate to sample a signal.
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Hi
Please send a list of Mphil thesis Topics and full thesis report for clouding computing as well as data mining
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Hi
Please send a list of Mphil thesis Topics and full thesis report for clouding computing as well as data mining
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2kHz - That's the nyquist frequency at a sample frequency of 4kHz.
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the central limit theorem
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According to the Nyquist theorem, a sample rate of double the frequency is required to record it, so 40 kHz .
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nyquist limit is for noiseless channel and given by 2Hlog2V where V are the discrete levels and H is the Bandwidth while, shanon limit is for channel with noise and given by H log2(1+S/N) where S is the signal power and N is the noise power.
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You must sample at 2 x the rate of the analog signal (2 x the analog signal frequency).
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Thanks to the Central Limit Theorem, the sampling distribution of the mean is Gaussian (normal) whose mean is the population mean and whose standard deviation is the sample standard error.
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The central limit theorem basically states that as the sample size gets large enough, the sampling distribution becomes more normal regardless of the population distribution.
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If you sample at more than the Nyquist frequency (one half the signal frequency) you introduce an aliasing distortion, seen as sub harmonics.
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It is accepted than the most humans can hear from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
Of course it depends on the exact person because there are so many variables to consider in this topic. In fact, most humans are unable to hear in these limits. Older people hears less than young people.
By the way, the CD audio is coded at 44,100 Hz due to this fact. There is a theorem (Nyquist theorem) which establishes that any wave can be sampled and recover without loss if you use a sampling of 2 times limit frequency. Due to the fact that humans hears only until 20 kHz, 40 kHz is enough for sampling.
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According to Niquest Theorem, it has to be more than twice the input frequency.
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