Hidalgo

 

(ēthäl'gō) , state (1990 pop. 1,888,366), 8,058 sq mi (20,870 sq km), central Mexico. Pachuca de Soto is the capital. Crossed by the Sierra Madre Oriental, the state is extremely mountainous; in the southern and western areas, however, are plains and fertile valleys lying within Mexico's central plateau. The climate is warm in the lower valleys, temperate on the plateau, and cold in the mountains. One of Hidalgo's chief crops is maguey (see amaryllis), grown on the central plateau. Alfalfa, corn, sugarcane, and coffee are also cultivated. The state's main industry is mining (particularly around Pachuca), and Hidalgo is a leading national producer of silver, gold, copper, lead, iron, and sulfur. Cement, textile, automobile manufacturing and especially oil refining are other major industries. The territory was occupied successively by the Toltec (whose capital was Tollán—now Tula), the Chichimecs, and the Aztecs. Conquered by the Spanish in 1530, it was part of the province and state of Mexico until it became the separate state of Hidalgo in 1869. There are several hot springs in Hidalgo.

Hidalgo in Spanish and Fidalgo in Portuguese were traditional titles of persons of nobility or gentry, derived respectively from hijo de algo and filho de algo, "son of some (important family)". Read more at Hidalgo (Spanish nobility).

Fidalgo

• Fidalgo Island.
• Salvador Fidalgo.

Hidalgo

Persons

• Andrew Hidalgo, entrepreneur
• David Hidalgo, musician
• Giovanni Hidalgo, musician
• Michel Hidalgo, soccer player and manager
• Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican leader of the independence movement
• Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo, Spanish tennis player
• Richard Hidalgo, Venezuelan MLB player

Places

• Hidalgo (Mexico), a state in central Mexico, named after the above.
• Hidalgo, a fictional Central American nation in the Doc Savage stories.
• Hidalgo, Nuevo León, a city in northern Mexico.
• Hidalgo County, New Mexico, a county in United States.
• Hidalgo County, Texas, a county in the United States.
• Hidalgo, Texas, a city in the United States.
• Miguel Hidalgo, D.F., a borough of the Mexican Federal District.
• Ciudad Hidalgo
• Hidalgo Street, Manila, considered as the Photographers' Haven of the Philippines

Things

• Hidalgo (film), starring Viggo Mortensen, named for Frank Hopkins' horse.
• The asteroid 944 Hidalgo.
• The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American war.

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