Hephaestion, sorry i am sure there are more but that is the only one i know
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Hephaestion. has written:
'Hephaestionis Alexandrini Enchiridion ad mss. fidem recensitum cum notis variorum praecipue Leonardi Hotchkis curante Thoma Gaisford ; accedit Procli Chrestomathia grammatica'
'Enchiridion'
'Hephaestionis Enchiridion'
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Αlexander the great had two friends. Klitos and Hephaestion. Klitos eventually betrayed Alexander and was killed by the conqueror. His Best friend, from the day they met, was Hephaestion, since Klitos was really just the friend he grew up with.
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No. Or at least, there's no suggestion of it in the ancient sources. There was between Hephaestion/Hephaistion and Craterus/Krateros, as well as between Hephaistion and Eumenes. But not Lysimachus/Lysimakhos.
(The / signifies a difference between Latinized and Greek spellings of the same name.)
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No. Alexander died of grief because his best friend, Hephaestion, died.
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He had three wives:Roxane, Statiera, Parysatics
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His friend, general, and bodyguard "Hephaestion" was the central personal relationship of Alexander's life.
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One of Alexander the Great's friends was Callisthenes, a relative of Aristotle. Some of his other long-time friends were Hephaestion, Cassander, and Ptolemy, who all served as generals in Alexander the Great's army.
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According to this site http://www.alexander-the-great.co.uk/roxane.htm, Alexander the Great had at least 2 wives: One is Roxane, the other is Statira.
By the way, Alexander the Great seems to be bisexual since he had another male lover Hephaestion
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well, through out history there have been much speculation about Alexander the great's lover, much being claimed of his relationship with his life long friend and companion "Hephaestion". Its has been question whether they were lovers or just very close and passionate friends.. but none has been confirmed if they actually were....
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Alexander Fleming had many friends and colleagues in the scientific and medical community, including scientists Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain who helped develop penicillin from Fleming's initial discovery. He also had friendships with other prominent scientists and researchers during his career.
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It has not yet been proven that Alexander the Great was gay, but he was married to a women to have a child.
There is no proof that Alexander the Great ever had sexual relations with men. Any evidence to the contrary is purely circumstantial.
There does not seem to be a definitive answer to this question. And since we can't ask Alexander about his sexual orientation, it seems this debate will never be settled.
I remember watching a History Channel program that pretty much asserted that he was gay, as if it were an indisputable fact. But if you Google "Alexander the Great was gay" (or similar search words) about half the websites seem to say yes, he was gay, and the other half say "it's just a rumor, there's no real evidence, blah blah blah..."
AnswerThere is no proof that Alexander the Great ever had sexual relations with men. Any evidence to the contrary is purely circumstantial.
Alexander was also an avid employer of political marriages, uniting his generals to defeated daughters of kings and noblemen in efforts to extend his empire into Asia. It would not be farfetched to conclude that his unions to Roxana, Stateira II and Parysatis (all conquered Persian noblewomen) were likewise heavily politically motivated.
What the sexual orientation of Alexander "truly" was is left to the sands of history, as human sexuality at that time and place was understood, performed and internalized differently than today. On the other hand, the relationship between Alexander and Hephaestion and how deep and loving it was needs to be remembered and not modified as mere "friends" as is often the case in textbooks.
History tells us he was bi-sexual.
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There is no proof to suggest that Alexander the Great ever had sexual relations with men, though culturally, there is a high probability of it.
Hephaestion, Alexander's lifelong friend and Bagoas, a Persian eunuch were the two men central to these rumours. However any evidence of a gay relationship is purely circumstantial.
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Alexander the Great was tutored by Aristotle until the age of 16. Other notable students include: Aristoxenus, Dicaearchus, Demetrius of Phalerum, Eudemos of Rhodes, Harpalus, Hephaestion, Meno, Mnason of Phocis, Nicomachus, and Theophrastus.
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Technically, no. Alexander split his army into two. He sent half of his army through the Khyber Pass under the leadership of his close friend Hephaestion and one of his generals, Perdiccus while Alexander and the other half traveled through the Kabul River valley and through the mountains to mop up any last resistance.
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Alexander himself called Hephaestion/Hephaistion "Philalexandros," or "friend of Alexander." This was in contrast to Craterus/Krateros who was "Philobasileus," or "friend of the king." In other words, Hephaistion was Alexander's friend, Krateros was "the king's." One was personal, one more formal. Hephaistion probably knew Alexander 19+ years, and the were educated together. Whether they were lovers is a point of debate, but given Greek sensibilities, it wouldn't be a surprise, at least when they were younger. But unlike the modern world which tends to preference sexual relationships as "primary" (whether opposite sex or same sex) and as "partners" or "spouses," the ancient world preferenced "philia," or "friendship" as the "great" love. So calling Hephaistion is (personal) friend meant that, for Alexander, Hephaistion came first in his affective life. So the modern distinction of lovers or "just" friends would be completely backwards: the were Friends (as opposed to "just" lovers).
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The cast of Young Alexander the Great - 2010 includes: Christopher Cazenove as Aristotle Lauren Cohan as Leto Sonia Enriquez as Kali Sam Heughan as Alexander Kholoud Kazeem as Niobe Sherif Ramzy as Lykomedes Hala Sedki as Olympias, Queen of Macedonia Amy Shiels as Kleopatra Tess Spentzos as Penelope Louis Tamone as Thessaly Paul Telfer as Hephaestion Kostas Vantzos Mo Zinal as Ptolemy
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One of Aristotle's famous students was Alexander the Great, who later became a powerful military leader and conqueror. Another notable student was Theophrastus, who succeeded Aristotle as the head of the Lyceum following his death.
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Deron Paul has: Played Whore Shop Assistant in "The Andy Dick Show" in 2001. Played Multiple characters in "Big Urban Myth Show" in 2002. Played Flirtatious Young Man in "She Spies" in 2002. Played Automaton in "Humanoid" in 2003. Played Thuggish Young Man in "Century City" in 2004. Played Ft. Mims Man in "Andrew Jackson" in 2007. Played Hephaestion in "Alexander: Hero of Heroes" in 2007. Played Stranger in "The Loneliest Road in America" in 2010. Played Blaine Studebaker in "Young Again" in 2015.
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His father was Philip II king of Macedonia. His mother was Olympias, a Greek princess. He had several siblings - one being half-brother Philip III who had been disabled by an attempt to poison him. He had several wives, Greek and Persian, one being Roxana who bore a son Alexander IV. He had a sexual relationship with Hephaestion. He left no clear heir, his half brother and son nominally taking over but they were assassinated. There were others pretending to be related, but they were disappeared and his generals divided his empire between them.
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The cast of Alexander the Great - 1956 includes: Carlos Acevedo as Ochus Ramsay Ames as Drunken Woman Harry Andrews as Darius Carlos Baena as Nearchus Stanley Baker as Attalus Claire Bloom as Barsine Richard Burton as Alexander Carmen Carulla as Stateira Peter Cushing as General Memnon Helmut Dantine as Nectenabus Danielle Darrieux as Olympias Mario de Barrios Marisa de Leza as Eurydice Enrique Diosdado Michael Hordern as Demosthenes Barry Jones as Aristotle Niall MacGinnis as Parmenio Fredric March as Philip of Macedonia Sergio Orta Gustavo Rojo as Cleitus Ellen Rossen as Amytis William Squire as Aeschenes Larry Taylor as Perdiccas Virgilio Teixeira as Ptolemy Ricardo Valle as Hephaestion Friedrich von Ledebur as Antipater Peter Wyngarde as Pausanias
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Alexander the Great died in Babylon in the 4th Century BC after 10 years of conquests, having never returned home to Pella. It is reasonably well established that he drank himself to death due to his unachievable ambitions and the death of his partner Hephaestion. When he died he had conquered the middle East up to the Ganges, had planned the conquest of Arabia down to the most minute detail and commissioned a fleet of ships to carry his army to Carthage and Rome. Plutarch wrote that he planned to conquer 'even as far as the Brittanic isles' - then would have gone back to India. The world would have been a very different place.
If you're looking specifically for English history the classic example is the battle of Hastings, though you could go for the less expected approach of the Battle of Stanford Bridge in which king Harold took his entire army to defend against a viking invasion, thus allowing William the Conqueror to land - Harold could have picked William to fight first instead and saved his men thus allowing the vikings to land properly.
Bit of an essay, .
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Alexander Hamilton married Elizabeth Schuyler in December of 1780. Elizabeth was the daughter of General Philip Schuyler and a member of one of the wealthiest families in New York. Not much is known about Elizabeth because she burned all of her correspondence to Hamilton after his death. She was born in 1757 and died in 1854, 50 years after her husband died. She bore Hamilton 8 children and after his death petitioned Congress for her husband's pension (which he had waived) and was involved in charity work with orphanages in New York City.
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Ricardo Valle has: Performed in "El tambor del Bruch" in 1948. Performed in "La mujer de nadie" in 1950. Performed in "Pandora and the Flying Dutchman" in 1951. Played Hephaestion in "Alexander the Great" in 1956. Played Stephen in "Le schiave di Cartagine" in 1956. Performed in "Saranno uomini" in 1957. Performed in "Roberto el diablo" in 1957. Played Isaac in "Giuditta e Oloferne" in 1959. Performed in "Le notti di Lucrezia Borgia" in 1960. Performed in "Gran teatro" in 1960. Performed in "Armas contra la ley" in 1961. Performed in "Sendas cruzadas" in 1961. Played Morpho Lodner in "Gritos en la noche" in 1962. Performed in "Sfida al re di Castiglia" in 1963. Performed in "La muerte silba un blues" in 1964. Performed in "Ercole contro i figli del sole" in 1964. Performed in "Destino: Barajas" in 1965. Played Agent Andrade in "Comando de asesinos" in 1966. Played Alfredo in "La isla de la muerte" in 1967. Performed in "Comando al infierno" in 1969. Performed in "Mi marido y sus complejos" in 1969. Performed in "Consigna: matar al comandante en jefe" in 1970. Performed in "Un aller simple" in 1971. Performed in "Un verano para matar" in 1972. Performed in "Il coltello di ghiaccio" in 1972. Performed in "Noche de teatro" in 1974. Performed in "Mauricio, mon amour" in 1976. Played Moncho in "Vaya par de gemelas" in 1983. Performed in "En penumbra" in 1987.
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I'm not sure what you mean by your question, but I will try to answer it as best as possible.
Ancient Greek Mythology had many heroes, including Heracles (Hercules), Odysseus, Ajax, and many more. I'm sure that you could find out more at Wikipedia or from a book on Greek mythology.
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Paul Eilers has: Played Sonny Van Brock in "Decoy" in 1957. Played Anton in "Die 3 v.d. Merwes" in 1970. Played Altman in "Die Rebel" in 1976. Performed in "Vyfster" in 1984. Played Headmaster in "Dada en die Flower" in 1986. Played Col. Morales in "Back to Freedom" in 1988. Played Prison Guard in "The Tattoo Chase" in 1989. Played Professor Adjaman in "Dirty Games" in 1989. Played Dr. Hans Sauer in "Rhodes" in 1996. Played Sergeant in "Paljas" in 1998. Played Police General in "Country of My Skull" in 2004. Played Minister in "Stargazer" in 2011. Played Pieter in "Musiek vir die Agtergrond" in 2013.
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Answer:
Alexander the Great's tomb has yet to be discovered. Although his father's tomb (Phillip the Second) has been found in Vergina, Greece, Alexander's tomb was thought to be at the Siva Oasis in Egypt. Yet recent excavation projects have not verified this possibility.
Hope this helps.
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On the afternoon of June 10 - 11, 323 BC, Alexander died of a mysterious illness in the palace of Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon. He was just one month shy of attaining 33 years of age. Various theories have been proposed for the cause of his death which include poisoning by the sons of Antipater or others, sickness that followed a drinking party, or a relapse of the malaria he had contracted in 336 BC.
It is known that on May 29, Alexander participated in a banquet organized by his friend Medius of Larissa. After some heavy drinking, immediately before or after a bath, he was forced into bed due to severe illness. The rumors of his illness circulated with the troops causing them to be more and more anxious. On June 9, the generals decided to let the soldiers see their king alive one last time. They were admitted to his presence one at a time. While the king was too ill to speak, confined himself to move his hand. The day after, Alexander was dead.
The poisoning theory derives from the story held in antiquity by Justin and Curtius. The original story stated that Cassander, son of Antipater, viceroy of Greece, brought the poison to Alexander in Babylon in a mule's hoof, and that Alexander's royal cupbearer, Iollas, brother of Cassander, administered it. Many had powerful motivations for seeing Alexander gone, and were none the worse for it after his death. Deadly agents that could have killed Alexander in one or more doses include hellebore and strychnine. In R. Lane Fox's opinion, the strongest argument against the poison theory is the fact that twelve days had passed between the start of his illness and his death and in the ancient world, such long-acting poisons were probably not available.
However, the warrior culture of Macedon favoured the sword over strychnine, and many ancient historians, like Plutarch and Arrian, maintained that Alexander was not poisoned, but died of natural causes. Instead, it is likely that Alexander died of malaria or typhoid fever, which were rampant in ancient Babylon. Other illnesses could have also been the culprit, including acute pancreatitis or the West Nile virus. Recently, theories have been advanced stating that Alexander may have died from the treatment not the disease. Hellebore, believed to have been widely used as a medicine at the time but deadly in large doses, may have been overused by the impatient king to speed his recovery, with deadly results. Disease-related theories often cite the fact that Alexander's health had fallen to dangerously low levels after years of heavy drinking and suffering several appalling wounds (including one in India that nearly claimed his life), and that it was only a matter of time before one sickness or another finally killed him.
No story is conclusive. Alexander's death has been reinterpreted many times over the centuries, and each generation offers a new take on it. What is certain is that Alexander died of a high fever on June 10 or 11 of 323 BC.
On his death bed, his marshals asked him to whom he bequeathed his kingdom. Since Alexander had no heir (his son Alexander IV would be born after his death), it was a question of vital importance. There is some debate to what Alexander replied. Some believe that Alexander said, "To the strongest!". It should be taken into note however that he might have said, "To Craterus". This is possible because the Greek pronunciation of "the strongest" and "Craterus" is different only by accent. The phrase and name are in fact, separated by only one letter in the ancient Greek language. Most scholar's believe that if Alexander did intend to choose one of his generals, his obvious choice would've been Craterus because he was the commander of the largest part of the army (infantry), because he had proven himself to be an excellent strategist, and because he displayed traits of the "ideal" Macedonian. Regardless of his reply, Craterus was eventually assassinated before he could organize a coup with the infantry and Alexander's empire was split into 4 kingdoms.
Alexander's death has been surrounded by as much controversy as many of the events of his life. Before long, accusations of foul play were being thrown about by his generals at one another, making it incredibly hard for a modern historian to sort out the propaganda and the half-truths from the actual events. No contemporary source can be fully trusted because of the incredible level of self-serving recording, and as a result what truly happened to Alexander the Great may never be known.
Alexander's body was placed in a gold anthropid sarcophagus, which was in turn placed in a second gold casket and covered with a purple robe. Alexander's coffin was placed, together with his armour, in a gold carriage which had a vaulted roof supported by an Ionic peristyle. The decoration of the carriage was very rich and is described in great detail by Diodoros.
According to legend, Alexander was preserved in a clay vessel full of honey (which acts as a preservative) and interred in a glass coffin. According to Aelian (Varia Historia 12.64), Ptolemy stole the body and brought it to Alexandria, where it was on display until Late Antiquity. It was here that Ptolemy IX, one of the last successors of Ptolemy I, replaced Alexander's sarcophagus with a glass one, and melted the original down in order to strike emergency gold issues of his coinage. The citizens of Alexandria were outraged at this and soon after Ptolemy IX was killed. Its current whereabouts are unknown.
The so-called "Alexander Sarcophagus," discovered near Sidon and now in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, is now generally thought to be that of Abdylonymus, whom Hephaestion appointed as the king of Sidon by Alexander's order. The sarcophagus depicts Alexander and his companions hunting and in battle with the Persians.
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Some of the biggest archaeological discoveries of the last decade include the discovery of Homo naledi fossils in South Africa, the uncovering of a new species of human called Homo luzonensis in the Philippines, the finding of the lost city of the Monkey God in Honduras, the excavation of a massive tomb in Greece believed to belong to Alexander the Great's father, and the uncovering of well-preserved mummies and artifacts in Egypt's Saqqara Necropolis.
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Terence Brook has: Performed in "The Vise" in 1954. Played British Officer in "The Colditz Story" in 1955. Performed in "ITV Play of the Week" in 1955. Played Man on Sofa in "Secret Venture" in 1955. Played Bob Vaughan in "Emergency-Ward 10" in 1957. Played 2nd Sailor in "Our Mutual Friend" in 1958. Played Apprentice in "The History of Mr Polly" in 1959. Played Joe Brierley in "No Hiding Place" in 1959. Played Gary Saxton in "No Hiding Place" in 1959. Played 2nd Policeman in "The Eustace Diamonds" in 1959. Played Bill in "No Hiding Place" in 1959. Played Harry in "Crossroads to Crime" in 1960. Played George in "BBC Sunday-Night Play" in 1960. Performed in "Comedy Playhouse" in 1961. Played Man in TV Commercial in "The Young Ones" in 1961. Played Photographer in "The Escape of R.D.7" in 1961. Played Reporter in "The Human Jungle" in 1963. Played Retrograde in "Doctor Who" in 1963. Played Pilot in "The Sentimental Agent" in 1963. Played Servant in "Doctor Who" in 1963. Played Hamish in "Jezebel ex UK" in 1963. Played Det. Sgt. Carter in "Girl in the Headlines" in 1963. Played Braun in "Doctor Who" in 1963. Played Bar Tender in "The Punch and Judy Man" in 1963. Played James Prior in "The Sullavan Brothers" in 1964. Played Security Officer at Airport in "Goldfinger" in 1964. Played Strip Club Barman in "Rattle of a Simple Man" in 1964. Played Swales in "Softly Softly" in 1966. Played Think Tank Member in "Counterstrike" in 1969. Played Inspector DuPont in "Paul Temple" in 1969. Played Police Inspector in "Paul Temple" in 1969. Played The Driving Examiner in "And Mother Makes Three" in 1971. Played Huron Chief in "The Last of the Mohicans" in 1971. Played Storekeeper in "The Brothers" in 1972. Played Forbes in "The Brothers" in 1972. Played Adrian Collins in "Marked Personal" in 1973. Played Iroquois chief in "Hawkeye, the Pathfinder" in 1973. Played Clerk at the Election in "Poldark" in 1975. Played Hawkins in "The Duchess of Duke Street" in 1976. Played Hommik Warrior in "Blakes 7" in 1978. Played King George V in "The Life and Times of David Lloyd George" in 1981. Played Paumer in "The Fourth Arm" in 1983. Performed in "The 100 Greatest TV Ads" in 2000.
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