Exxon Valdez Oil Spill

The Prince William Sound earthquake in Alaska in 1964 had a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme). This earthquake is one of the most powerful ever recorded, with widespread damage and a tsunami that caused devastation along the Alaskan coast and even reached other coastal areas in the Pacific.

It can vary depending on the size and model of the semi truck, but typically a semi truck oil change requires around 10-15 gallons of oil.

The dramatic incident effect refers to a cognitive bias where people tend to overestimate the likelihood of dramatic or impactful events occurring. This bias can influence decision-making and perception of risk, leading individuals to focus more on sensational events rather than on more statistically probable outcomes.

The SS Norge was responsible for one of the worst environmental disasters in history in March 1889 when it struck a reef off the coast of Norway, resulting in the deaths of over 600 passengers, most of whom were emigrants. The ship's cargo of sulfuric acid leaked into the sea, causing extensive damage to marine life.

Yes, the Exxon Valdez oil spill is linked to biomagnification. The spill released a significant amount of oil into the ecosystem, which resulted in the contamination of marine organisms. Through biomagnification, the toxic compounds in the oil can accumulate and become more concentrated as they move up the food chain, posing a greater risk to predators at higher trophic levels.

Japan Attacking Pearl Harbor.

The most common spill is from pipeline breaks. Many other sources of spills occur. Oil and gasoline storage tanks have leaked oil, harming the groundwater.

A blow out from a land rig can result in fire and toxic gas (H2S) released to the atmosphere, and cause injury or death to rig workers.

Crude oil spills can harm birds, mammals and vegetation. The spilled oil may remain in the soil for a very long time as it is very expensive to remediate oil soaked earth.

A land base oil spill does not spread quickly over large areas like some marine spills. For this reason, there is not the same awareness that land spills impact the environment.

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It should be scrap or in dry dock, but my bet is the name was painted over and renamed and it is still at sea working.

The Food Web was altered completely because it oiled ducks and plankton and birds. So the spill affected the plankton which affected the fish and the birds. Thousands of species of animals died out. Bears, Birds, Fish, Plankton, Ducks. The spill is still affecting the ecosystem today. A government estimate showed that only about 14% of the oil was cleaned up.

Genetic Drift

There was no clean-up. The shipwreck took place on an isolated coastline in Baja California in 1957.

He caused the Exxon Valdez oil spill.

My uncle was in the oil spill. and judgeing abt that he said he was worried that he wouldn't see my aunt or any of us again.

Im guessing they might have felt the same way.

The oil has differnt toxic fumes , so it can affect the air by causing air pollution. Which makes it harder to breath.

It still isn't clean. Today if you walk a beach where the oil washed up and turn over a rock or dig a bit in the sand you will find oil. All they did was steam clean the beach and carry away dead animals. The toxins stay in the ecosystem for a 100 years, so plants and animals are still feeling the effects of the oil.

The effect depends on where the spill takes place. If on a body of water oil would float having a lighter specific gravity and would cause damage to plankton and other animals living in the upper water zone. The COD or chemical oxygen demand of the contaminate would kill of fish food supplies. Birds would get covered in oil and eventually die due to exposure or oil ingestion. Oil could be carried to shore effecting fish fry breeding grounds, oyster, mussel beds and shore creatures crabs and so on. Oil Aggregates could form and these balls of oil can be carried far and wide eventually sinking to the sea floor.

The ship ran aground on to the Bligh Reef. The third mate was piloting the ship at the time outside of the normal shipping lanes due to the presence of icebergs in the area. At the time of the accident the ship collison avoidance radar was not working and turned off, had it been on it would have detected the upcoming reef.

The entire marine wildlife in the area tends to be affected by oil spills. That means above-surface, surface and below-surface life forms. For example, migratory birds such as northern gannets [Morus bassanus] may be affected by fumes and flames. They also may find their respiratory body parts partially or totally clogged and their ambulatory parts similarly debilitated or destroyed. They may not have access to surface food sources.

The Exxon Valdez oil spill was on midnight on March 24, 1989. It was considered as the second worst oil spill in US history.

The appended link lists the contributing factors to the cost of oil sill clean-up. Even discounting the costs loss of good PR and increasing insurance rates the direct costs can vary significantly.

Consider that you lose 1 bbl of crude oil (about 150 L) with a purchased value of $100/bbl. The oil spills into a roadside ditch in a mainly agricultural area and flows with the water. The spill is simple and straightforward to clean up.

You are looking at hiring at least 24 hrs of: * 20 men ($100/hr thru a contractor), * A vacuum truck, backhoe, dump trucks each at ($200/hr) * Waste disposal fees for oils waste @ $200/cu.yd. for 50 -100 cu yds * Ditch restoration and grading * Police costs for traffic control * Soil and water sampling

And then potential fines $1000 to $10000 (+ lawyers at $300/hr for 3 yrs)

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