Collectively, they're Sedatives. However, there's some categorization within the sedative category: Barbiturates, Minor Tranquilizers, and Major Tranquilizers.

Barbiturates (examples)

• amobarbital (Amytal)
• pentobarbital (Nembutal)
• secobarbital (Seconal)
• Phenobarbitol (Luminal)

Tranquilizers (examples)

• Minor Tranquilizers: Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium, Klonopin, etc)
• Major Tranquilizers (usually refers to antipsychotics): Haloperidol (amongst others)

my belief is that you simply can't ...

you can tell when he's lying with body language.

Answers.com says to Try a truth serum:

(based on: truth drug?cat=health" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/truth drug?cat=health )

Drugs used as truth serums. Two of the most commonly used truth serums are members of the barbiturate" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/barbiturate drug class. Barbiturates are sedatives and hypnotics that are created from barbituric acid. They are divided into classes according to the duration of sedation" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/sedation: ultrashort, short, intermediate, and long. Ultrashort-acting barbiturates are used as anesthetics whereas long-acting ones are used to treat convulsions (anticonvulsant)" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/anticonvulsant). Barbiturates are controlled substances due to their high potential for abuse and for addictive behavior.

Sodium pentothal (pentothal sodium, thiopental, thiopentone) is an ultrashort-acting barbiturate, meaning that sedation only lasts for a few minutes. Sodium pentothal slows down the heart rate, lowers blood pressure, and slows down (depresses) the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) activity. Sedation occurs in less than one minute after injection. It is used as a general anaesthetic" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/general anaesthetic for procedures of short duration, for induction of anesthesia" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/anesthesia given before other anesthetic drugs, as a supplement to regional anesthesia (such as a spinal block), as an anticonvulsive, and for narcoanalysis.

Sodium amytal (amobarbital" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/amobarbital, amylobarbitone, Amytal) is an intermediate-acting barbiturate. Sedation occurs in one hour or longer and lasts for 10 to 12 hours. Sodium amytal depresses the central nervous system. It is used as a sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsive and for narcoanalysis. When sodium amytal is used for narcoanalysis it may be called an "Amytal interview."

Scopolamine (hyoscine) is an anticholinergic" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/anticholinergic alkaloid drug that is obtained from certain plants. Anticholinergic drugs block the impulses that pass through certain nerves. Scopolamine affects the autonomic nervous system and is used as a sedative, to prevent motion sickness, to treat eye lens muscle paralysis" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/paralysis (cycloplegic), and to dilate" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/dilate the pupil (mydriatic)" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/mydriatic).

.

Chlorpromazine is not for use in psychotic conditions related to dementia. Chlorpromazine may cause heart failure, sudden death, or pneumonia in older adults with dementia-related conditions. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to chlorpromazine, or if you are also using large amounts of alcohol or medicines that make you sleepy. Before you take chlorpromazine, tell your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease, heart disease or high blood pressure, glaucoma, a breathing disorder, any type of cancer, an enlarged prostate, blockage in your intestines, seizures, a brain tumor, or Parkinson's disease. Tell your doctor if you will be exposed to extreme heat or to insecticide poisons while you are taking chlorpromazine. Chlorpromazine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can increase some of the side effects of chlorpromazine. Avoid exposure to sunlight, sunlamps, or tanning beds. Chlorpromazine can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, and a sunburn may result. Chlorpromazine is in a group of drugs called phenothiazines (FEEN-oh-THYE-zeens). It works by changing the actions of chemicals in your brain. Chlorpromazine is used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia or manic-depression, and severe behavioral problems in children. It is also used to treat nausea and vomiting, anxiety before surgery, chronic hiccups, and acute intermittent porphyria. Chlorpromazine may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Chlorpromazine is not for use in psychotic conditions related to dementia. Chlorpromazine may cause heart failure, sudden death, or pneumonia in older adults with dementia-related conditions. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to chlorpromazine, or if you are also using large amounts of alcohol or medicines that make you sleepy. If you have certain conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely use this medication. Before you take chlorpromazine, tell your doctor if you have: * liver disease; * kidney disease. * heart disease or high blood pressure; * glaucoma; * asthma, emphysema, or other breathing disorders; * past or present breast cancer; * if you are being treated with chemotherapy for any type of cancer; * an enlarged prostate or urination problems, * a blockage in your intestines; * a seizure disorder or brain tumor; or * Parkinson's disease, Tell your doctor if you will be exposed to extreme heat or to insecticide poisons while you are taking chlorpromazine. It is not known whether chlorpromazine will harm an unborn baby. Do not take chlorpromazine without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant. Chlorpromazine can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Older adults may be more likely to have side effects from this medication.

Take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results from this medication. This medication can cause you to have unusual results with certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using chlorpromazine. If you need to have any type of x-ray scan or MRI of your spinal cord, tell the doctor ahead of time that you are using chlorpromazine. You may need to stop using the medicine for a short time. Do not stop using chlorpromazine suddenly after long-term use, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Talk to your doctor about how to avoid withdrawal symptoms when you stop using chlorpromazine. Store chlorpromazine at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

Since chlorpromazine is sometimes taken only when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. If you are taking the medication regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then to take the medicine and skip the missed dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include bloating and constipation, feeling restless or agitated, fever, seizure, muscle stiffness, jerky muscle movements, extreme drowsiness, and fainting.

Chlorpromazine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can increase some of the side effects of chlorpromazine. Avoid exposure to sunlight, sunlamps, or tanning beds. Chlorpromazine can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, and a sunburn may result. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 15 or higher) when you are outdoors. Avoid becoming overheated while working, during exercise, and in hot weather.

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as: * feeling like you might pass out; * jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); * fever, sore throat, flu symptoms; * stiff muscles, confusion, sweating, fast or uneven heartbeats, rapid breathing; * restless muscle movements in your eyes, tongue, jaw, or neck; * drooling, trouble swallowing, problems with balance or walking; * unusual thoughts or behavior; * blurred vision or other eye problems; * skin rash, bruising, severe tingling, numbness, pain, muscle weakness; * pale skin, easy bruising or bleeding; * urinating less than usual or not at all; * seizure (black-out or convulsions); * severe blistering, peeling, and red skin rash; or * slow heart rate, weak pulse, fainting, slow breathing (breathing may stop). Less serious side effects may include: * drowsiness; * feeling jittery or agitated; * sleep problems (insomnia); * breast swelling or discharge; * changes in menstrual periods; * dry mouth or stuffy nose * nausea, constipation; * darkened skin color; This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect.

Before using chlorpromazine, tell your doctor if you regularly use other medicines that make you sleepy (such as cold or allergy medicine, narcotic pain medicine, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression, or anxiety). They can add to sleepiness caused by chlorpromazine. Also tell your doctor if you are using any of these: * a diuretic (water pill); * phenytoin (Dilantin); * propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran); * a barbiturate such as amobarbital (Amytal), butabarbital (Butisol), mephobarbital (Mebaral), secobarbital (Seconal), or phenobarbital (Solfoton); * a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin); This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with chlorpromazine. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

Your pharmacist can provide more information about chlorpromazine. ---- Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.

2-letter words

am

3-letter words

ama, ami, amp, amu

4-letter words

amah, amas, ambo, amen, amia, amid, amie, amin, amir, amis, ammo, amok, amps, amus, amyl

5-letter words

amahs, amain, amass, amaze, amber, ambit, amble, ambos, ambry, ameba, ameer, amend, amens, ament, amias, amice, amide, amido, amids, amies, amiga, amigo, amine, amino, amins, amirs, amiss, amity, ammos, amnia, amnic, amoks, amole, among, amort, amour, ample, amply, ampul, amuck, amuse, amyls

6-letter words

amadou, amarna, amatol, amazed, amazes, amazon, ambage, ambari, ambary, ambeer, ambers, ambery, ambits, ambled, ambler, ambles, ambush, amebae, ameban, amebas, amebic, ameers, amends, aments, amerce, amices, amides, amidic, amidin, amidol, amidst, amigas, amigos, amines, aminic, ammine, ammino, ammono, amnion, amoeba, amoles, amoral, amount, amours, ampere, ampler, ampule, ampuls, amrita, amtrac, amucks, amulet, amused, amuser, amuses, amusia, amylic, amylum

7-letter words

amadous, amalgam, amanita, amassed, amasser, amasses, amateur, amative, amatols, amatory, amazing, amazons, ambages, ambaris, ambeers, ambient, amblers, ambling, amboina, ambones, amboyna, ambries, ambroid, ambsace, amebean, ameboid, amended, amender, amenity, amentia, amerced, amercer, amerces, amesace, amiable, amiably, amidase, amidine, amidins, amidols, amidone, aminity, amirate, amities, ammeter, ammines, ammonal, ammonia, ammonic, amnesia, amnesic, amnesty, amnions, amniote, amoebae, amoeban, amoebas, amoebic, amongst, amorini, amorino, amorist, amoroso, amorous, amotion, amounts, amperes, amphora, amplest, amplify, ampoule, ampules, ampulla, amputee, amreeta, amritas, amtrack, amtracs, amulets, amusers, amusias, amusing, amusive, amylase, amylene, amyloid, amylose, amylums

8-letter words

amadavat, amalgams, amandine, amanitas, amanitin, amaranth, amarelle, amaretto, amassers, amassing, amateurs, amazedly, ambaries, amberies, amberoid, ambiance, ambience, ambients, ambition, ambivert, amboinas, amboynas, ambroids, ambrosia, ambsaces, ambulant, ambulate, ambushed, ambusher, ambushes, ameerate, amelcorn, amenable, amenably, amenders, amending, amentias, amercers, amercing, amesaces, amethyst, amiantus, amicable, amicably, amidases, amidines, amidogen, amidones, amidship, amirates, amitoses, amitosis, amitotic, amitrole, ammeters, ammocete, ammonals, ammoniac, ammonias, ammonify, ammonite, ammonium, ammonoid, amnesiac, amnesias, amnesics, amnestic, amnionic, amniotes, amniotic, amoebean, amoeboid, amorally, amoretti, amoretto, amorists, amortise, amortize, amotions, amounted, amperage, amphibia, amphioxi, amphipod, amphorae, amphoral, amphoras, amplexus, ampoules, ampullae, ampullar, amputate, amputees, amreetas, amtracks, amusable, amusedly, amygdala, amygdale, amygdule, amylases, amylenes, amylogen, amyloids, amyloses

9-letter words

amadavats, amanitins, amaranths, amarelles, amarettos, amaryllis, amassment, amatively, amauroses, amaurosis, amaurotic, amazement, amazingly, amazonite, ambergris, amberinas, amberjack, amberoids, ambiances, ambiences, ambiguity, ambiguous, ambitions, ambitious, ambiverts, amblyopia, amblyopic, ambrosial, ambrosias, ambrotype, ambulacra, ambulance, ambulated, ambulates, ambuscade, ambushers, ambushing, amebiases, amebiasis, amebocyte, ameerates, amelcorns, amendable, amendment, amenities, americium, amethysts, ametropia, ametropic, amidogens, amidships, aminities, amitroles, ammocetes, ammoniacs, ammoniate, ammonites, ammonitic, ammoniums, ammonoids, amnesiacs, amnestied, amnesties, amoralism, amorality, amorettos, amoristic, amorously, amorphous, amortised, amortises, amortized, amortizes, amounting, amperages, ampersand, amphibian, amphibole, amphiboly, amphioxus, amphipods, ampleness, amplidyne, amplified, amplifier, amplifies, amplitude, ampullary, amputated, amputates, amusement, amusingly, amygdalae, amygdales, amygdalin, amygdules, amylogens, amylopsin, amyotonia

10-letter words

amalgamate, amantadine, amanuenses, amanuensis, amassments, amateurish, amateurism, amazements, amazonites, ambassador, amberjacks, ambisexual, ambitioned, ambivalent, amblyopias, ambrotypes, ambulacral, ambulacrum, ambulances, ambulating, ambulation, ambulatory, ambuscaded, ambuscader, ambuscades, ambushment, amebocytes, ameliorate, ameloblast, amendatory, amendments, amenorrhea, amercement, amerciable, americiums, ametropias, amiability, amiantuses, ammoniacal, ammoniated, ammoniates, ammonified, ammonifies, ammunition, amnestying, amoebiases, amoebiasis, amoebocyte, amoralisms, amortising, amortizing, ampersands, amphibians, amphibious, amphiboles, amphibrach, amphimacer, amphimixes, amphimixis, amphiphile, amphiploid, amphoteric, ampicillin, amplexuses, amplidynes, amplifiers, amplifying, amplitudes, amputating, amputation, amusements, amygdalins, amygdaloid, amylolytic, amyloplast, amylopsins, amyotonias

11-letter words

amalgamated, amalgamates, amalgamator, amantadines, amaranthine, amaryllises, amateurisms, amativeness, amazonstone, ambassadors, ambergrises, ambiguities, ambiguously, ambisexuals, ambitioning, ambitiously, ambivalence, ambiversion, amblygonite, ambrosially, ambulations, ambuscaders, ambuscading, ambushments, ameliorated, ameliorates, ameliorator, ameloblasts, amenability, amenorrheas, amenorrheic, amercements, amethystine, amiableness, amicability, aminopterin, aminopyrine, ammoniating, ammoniation, ammonifying, ammunitions, amobarbital, amoebocytes, amontillado, amoralities, amorousness, amorphously, amortizable, amoxicillin, amoxycillin, amphetamine, amphibolies, amphibolite, amphibology, amphibrachs, amphictyony, amphimacers, amphioxuses, amphipathic, amphiphiles, amphiphilic, amphiploids, amphiploidy, amphisbaena, ampicillins, amplenesses, amputations, amusingness, amygdaloids, amyloidoses, amyloidosis, amylopectin, amyloplasts

12-letter words

amalgamating, amalgamation, amalgamators, amateurishly, amazonstones, ambassadress, ambidextrous, ambitionless, ambivalences, ambivalently, ambiversions, amblygonites, ambulatories, ambulatorily, ameliorating, amelioration, ameliorative, ameliorators, amelioratory, amentiferous, amiabilities, amicableness, aminopterins, aminopyrines, amitotically, ammoniations, amobarbitals, amontillados, amortization, amoxicillins, amoxycillins, amperometric, amphetamines, amphibiously, amphibolites, amphibrachic, amphictyonic, amphidiploid, amphisbaenas, amphisbaenic, amphitheater, amygdaloidal, amylopectins

13-letter words

amalgamations, amativenesses, ambassadorial, ambidexterity, ambiguousness, ambisexuality, ambitiousness, ameliorations, amenabilities, amiablenesses, amicabilities, aminoaciduria, aminophylline, amitriptyline, amniocenteses, amniocentesis, amorousnesses, amorphousness, amortizations, amphibologies, amphictyonies, amphidiploids, amphidiploidy, amphiploidies, amphiprostyle, amphitheaters, amphitheatric, amplification, amusingnesses, amyloidosises

14-letter words

amateurishness, ambassadorship, ambassadresses, ambidextrously, amicablenesses, aminoacidurias, aminopeptidase, aminophyllines, amitriptylines, ammonification, amphibiousness, amphiprostyles, amplifications

15-letter words

ambassadorships, ambidexterities, ambiguousnesses, ambisexualities, ambitiousnesses, aminopeptidases, ammonifications, amorphousnesses, amphidiploidies, amphitheatrical

16-letter words

amateurishnesses, aminotransferase, amphibiousnesses

17-letter words

aminotransferases, amphitheatrically

663 words found.

Drug dependence means that a person needs a drug to function normally. Abruptly stopping the drug leads to withdrawal symptoms. Drug addiction is the compulsive use of a substance, despite its negative or dangerous effects.

A person may have a physical dependence on a substance without having an addiction. For example, certain blood pressure medications do not cause addiction but they can cause physical dependence. Other drugs, such as cocaine, cause addiction without leading to physical dependence.

Tolerance to a drug (needing a higher dose to attain the same effect) is usually part of addiction.

See also:

• Drug abuse
• Drug abuse first aid

Drug addiction; Addiction - drug; Dependence on drugs

Drug abuse can lead to drug dependence or addiction. People who use drugs for pain relief may become dependent, although this is rare in those who don't have a history of addiction.

The exact cause of drug abuse and dependence is not known. However, a person's genes, the action of the drug, peer pressure, emotional distress, anxiety, depression, and environmental stress all can be factors.

Peer pressure can lead to drug use or abuse, but at least half of those who become addicted have depression, attention deficit disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or another mental health problem.

Children who grow up in an environment of illicit drug use may first see their parents using drugs. This may put them at a higher risk for developing an addiction later in life for both environmental and genetic reasons.

People who are more likely to abuse or become dependent on drugs include those who:

• Have depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia
• Have easy access to drugs
• Have low self-esteem, or problems with relationships
• Live a stressful lifestyle, economic or emotional
• Live in a culture where there is a high social acceptance of drug use

Commonly abused substances include:

• Opiates and narcotics are powerful painkillers that cause drowsiness (sedation) and sometimes feelings of euphoria. These include heroin, opium, codeine, meperidine (Demerol), hydromorphone (Dilaudid), and oxycodone (Oxycontin).
• Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants include amphetamines, cocaine, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine, and methylphenidate (Ritalin). These drugs have a stimulating effect, and people can start needing higher amounts of these drugs to feel the same effect (tolerance).
• Central nervous system depressants include alcohol, barbiturates (amobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital), benzodiazepines (Valium, Ativan, Xanax), chloral hydrate, and paraldehyde. These substances produce a sedative and anxiety-reducing effect, which can lead to dependence.
• Hallucinogens include LSD, mescaline, psilocybin ("mushrooms"), and phencyclidine (PCP or "angel dust"). They can cause people to see things that aren't there (hallucinations) and can lead to psychological dependence.
• Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the active ingredient found in marijuana (cannabis) and hashish.

There are several stages of drug use that may lead to dependence. Young people seem to move more quickly through the stages than do adults.

• Experimental use -- typically involves peers, done for recreational use; the user may enjoy defying parents or other authority figures.
• Regular use -- the user misses more and more school or work; worries about losing drug source; uses drugs to "fix" negative feelings; begins to stay away from friends and family; may change friends to those who are regular users; shows increased tolerance and ability to "handle" the drug.
• Daily preoccupation -- the user loses any motivation; does not care about school and work; has obvious behavior changes; thinking about drug use is more important than all other interests, including relationships; the user becomes secretive; may begin dealing drugs to help support habit; use of other, harder drugs may increase; legal problems may increase.
• Dependence -- cannot face daily life without drugs; denies problem; physical condition gets worse; loss of "control" over use; may become suicidal; financial and legal problems get worse; may have broken ties with family members or friends.

Some of the symptoms and behaviors of drug dependence include:

• Confusion
• Continuing to use drugs even when health, work, or family are being harmed
• Episodes of violence
• Hostility when confronted about drug dependence
• Lack of control over drug abuse - being unable to stop or reduce alcohol intake
• Making excuses to use drugs
• Missing work or school, or a decrease in performance
• Need for daily or regular drug use to function
• Neglecting to eat
• Not caring for physical appearance
• No longer taking part in activities because of drug abuse
• Secretive behavior to hide drug use
• Using drugs even when alone

See: Drug abusefor more information about symptoms that may be present when using these drugs.

For information about symptoms of withdrawal, see also:

• Cocaine withdrawal
• Opiate withdrawal

Drug tests (toxicology screens) on blood and urine samples can show many chemicals and drugs in the body. How sensitive the test is depends upon the drug itself, when the drug was taken, and the testing laboratory. Blood tests are more likely to find a drug than urine tests. However, urine drug screens are done more often.

Opiates and narcotics are usually in the urine 12 to 36 hours after the last use, depending on the amount used and how often the drug was used.

CNS stimulants such as cocaine can be found in urine for 1 to 12 days, again depending on how often the drug was used.

CNS depressants such as Valium and Xanax are found up to 7 days after the last day of use, mostly depending on the substance used and how quickly the body removes it (its half-life).

Most hallucinogens also can be found in the urine up to 7 days after the last use. However, evidence of marijuana can be found for up to 28 days after its last use in regular users.

Treatment for drug abuse or dependence begins with recognizing the problem. Though "denial" used to be considered a symptom of addiction, recent research has shown that people who are addicted have far less denial if they are treated with empathy and respect, rather than told what to do or "confronted."

Treatment of drug dependency involves stopping drug use either gradually or abruptly (detoxification), support, and staying drug free (abstinence).

• People with acute intoxication or drug overdose may need emergency treatment. Sometimes, the person loses consciousnessand might need to be on a breathing machine (mechanical respirator) temporarily. The treatment depends on the drug being used.
• Detoxification is the withdrawal of an abused substance in a controlled environment. Sometimes a drug with a similar action is taken instead, to reduce the side effects and risks of withdrawal. Detoxification can be done on an inpatient or outpatient basis.

As with any other area of medicine, the least intensive treatment should be the starting point.

Residential treatment programs monitor and address possible withdrawal symptoms and behaviors. These programs use behavior modification techniques, which are designed to get users to recognize their behaviors.

Treatment programs include counseling, both for the person (and perhaps family), and in group settings. Drug abuse treatment programs have a long after-care part (when the user is released from the medical facility), and provide peer support.

Drug addiction is a serious and complicated health condition that requires both physical and psycholocial treatment and support. It is important to be evaluated by a trained professional to determine the best care.

If the person also has depression or another mood disorder, it should be treated. Very often, people start abusing drugs in their effort to self-treat mental illness.

For narcotic dependence, some people are treated with methadone or similar drugs to prevent withdrawal and abuse. The goal is to enable the person to live as normal a life as possible.

Many support groups are available in the community. They include Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Ala-Teen, and Al-Anon. Most of these groups follow the 12-Step program used in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). SMART Recovery and LifeRing Recovery are programs that do not use the 12-step approach. You can find support groups in your phone book.

Drug abuse and dependence may lead to a fatal drug overdose. Some people start taking the drugs again after they have stopped. Relapses can lead to continued dependence.

The complications of drug abuse and dependence include:

• Bacterial endocarditis, hepatitis, thrombophlebitis, pulmonary emboli, malnutrition, or respiratory infections, caused by drug use by injection
• Depression
• Drug overdose
• Increase in various cancer rates; for example, lung and pharynx cancer are linked to nicotine use; mouth and stomach cancer are associated with alcohol abuse and dependence
• Infection with HIV through shared needles
• Problems with memory and concentration, for example with hallucinogen use, including marijuana (THC)
• Problems with the law
• Relapse of drug abuse
• Unsafe sexual practices, which may result in unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV, or hepatitis

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you are addicted to drugs and would like to get off of them, or if you have been cut off from your drug supply and are at risk of withdrawal. Most employers also offer referral services for their employees with substance abuse problems.

Drug education programs may be helpful though none has proved effective in the long term.

Kleber HD, Weiss Rd, Anton RF, George TP, Greenfield SF, Kosten TR, et al. Treatment of patients with substance use disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2007;164:5-123.

Griswold KS, Atronoff H, Kernan JB, Kahn LS. Adolescent substance use and abuse: recognition and management. Am Fam Physician. 2008;77:331-336.

NIDA InfoFacts: Club Drugs (GHB, Ketamine, and Rohypnol). National Institute on Drug Abuse NIDA.

Methamphetamine Abuse and Addiction. National Institute on Drug Abuse. NIDA drug abuse series. November 2006.

NIDA InfoFacts: Hallucinogens - LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, and PCP. National Institute on Drug Abuse. NIDA. Revised 6/09.

Samet JH. Drug abuse and dependence. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 32.

Drug abuse is the use of illegal drugs, or the misuse of prescription or over-the-counter drugs for at least a year with negative consequences.

See also:

• Drug abuse and dependence
• Drug abuse first aid

Substance abuse; Illicit drug abuse; Narcotic abuse; Hallucinogen abuse

MARIJUANA (also called "grass," "pot," "reefer," "joint," "hashish," "cannabis," "weed," and "Mary Jane")

About 2 in 5 Americans have used marijuana at least once. About 10% of the population uses it on a regular basis.

The source of marijuana is the hemp plant (cannabis sativa). The active ingredients are THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) and other cannabinoids, which are found in the leaves and flowering shoots of the plant.

Hashish is a substance taken from the tops of female plants. It contains the highest amount of THC.

The drug dose in marijuana varies greatly depending on how it is prepared.

You may feel the effects of marijuana within seconds to several minutes after breathing in the smoke (from a joint or pipe), or within 30 - 60 minutes after eating foods containing marijuana, such as "hash brownies."

• The main effects of marijuana are on behavior, because the drug acts on the central nervous system (CNS). Marijuana became popular because it gives people a feeling of joy (euphoria), relaxation, and increased sensations of sight, hearing, and taste with low to moderate doses.
• Most users also report an increase in their appetite ("the munchies").

Unpleasant effects that may occur include:

• Acute panic reactions or severe paranoia
• Changed body image
• Lack of orientation
• Trouble telling oneself from others

Other troubling side effects may include:

• Some cases of severe delirium, seeing or hearing things that aren't there (hallucinations), and violence have also been reported. In such cases, marijuana may have been laced with another drug, such as PCP.
• Marijuana has specific effects that may decrease your ability to perform tasks that require a lot of coordination (such as driving a car). It affects visual tracking and prolongs the sense of time. It also decreases the desire to complete tasks.
• The drug can affect learning because it can reduce your ability to concentrate and pay attention.

Other marijuana effects may include:

• Airway (bronchial) irritation leading to narrowing of the airways (bronchoconstriction) or airway spasms (bronchospasm)
• Bloodshot eyes
• Increased heart rate and blood pressure
• Pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, and asthma in heavy users
• Possible serious effects on the immune system
• Widening of the airways (bronchodilation)

Regular users may have withdrawal effects when they stop marijuana use. These may include:

• Agitation
• Anxiety
• Insomnia
• Irritability

Because the substance formed when the body breaks down marijuana may be stored in the body's fat tissue, heavy users may show evidence of marijuana use in urine tests for up to 1 month after stopping the drug.

The active substance in cannabis is believed to have medical properties, which include:

• Relieving chronic pain and spasticity
• Stimulating appetite in patients with AIDS or who have undergone chemotherapy
• Treating glaucoma
• Treating nausea caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients

THC has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for these purposes.

The use of whole marijuana remains very controversial. More than 13 states have laws to provide legal sanction for the medical use of marijuana. The federal government still considers whole marijuana to be a controlled substance that is illegal, even for medical use.

PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP, "angel dust")

It is difficult to estimate the current use of phencyclidine in the United States, because many people do not know that they have taken it. Other illegal substances (such as marijuana) can be laced with PCP without the user being aware of it.

PCP can be made easily and cheaply by anyone who knows organic chemistry. This makes it a prime drug for the illegal drug industry. It is available illegally as a white powder that can be dissolved in either alcohol or water.

PCP may be taken in different ways. How fast it affects the user depends on how it is taken.

• If dissolved, PCP may be taken through a vein ("shot up") and its effects begin within seconds.
• Sprinkled over dried parsley, oregano, or marijuana leaves, it can be smoked. The effects begin within 2 - 5 minutes, peaking at 15 - 30 minutes.
• Taken by mouth, in pill form, or mixed with food or drinks, PCP's effects usually start within 30 minutes. The effects tend to peak in about 2 - 5 hours.

Different doses of PCP will cause different effects:

• Lower doses of PCP typically produce feelings of joy (euphoria) and less inhibition, similar to being drunk.
• Higher doses cause numbness throughout the body, and perception changes that may lead to extreme anxiety and violence.
• Large doses may produce paranoia, "hearing voices" (auditory hallucinations), and psychosis similar to schizophrenia.
• Massive doses, usually from taking the drug by mouth, may cause acute kidney failure, heart arrhythmias, muscle rigidity, seizures, and even death.

Because of the pain-killing (analgesic) properties of PCP, users who get seriously injured may not feel any pain.

A number of other club drugs have become popular and available in recent years:

• Ketamine, a substance related to PCP, is commonly called "Special K."
• MDMA, or "Ecstasy" (3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine)
• y-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and Rohypnol are known as "date rape," "acquaintance rape," or "drug-assisted assault" drugs.

OTHER HALLUCINOGENS

In addition to PCP, other commonly abused hallucinogens include LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), psilocybin (mushrooms, "shrooms"), and peyote (a cactus plant containing the active ingredient mescaline).

Most hallucinogens are used only one or a few times per year.

Hallucinations related to these drugs tend to involve seeing things, and may include patterns or halos around lights. People who have such visual hallucinations after taking drugs usually know that their perception is distorted.

Signs and symptoms of LSD use:

• Anxiety
• Blurred vision
• Dilated pupils
• Frightening images of things that aren't there (hallucinations)
• Paranoid delusions
• Tremors

LSD is a very strong hallucinogen. Only tiny doses are needed to produce effects. Compared to LSD, psilocybin is 100 - 200 times weaker, and mescaline (peyote) is about 4,000 times weaker.

Hallucinogens can lead to extreme anxiety and lack of reality at the height of the drug experience ("bad trips"). These experiences can come back as a "flashback," even without using the drug again. Such experiences typically occur during times of increased stress, and tend to occur less often and intensely after stopping the drugs.

COCAINE

The abuse of cocaine increased dramatically in the late 1980s and early 1990s, but is now on the decline. Other names to describe different forms of cocaine include "speed," "crack," "coke," "snow," and "speedball."

• Cocaine may be inhaled through the nose ("snorting").
• It may be dissolved in water and taken through a vein (intravenously).
• When mixed with heroin for IV use, the combination is called a "speedball."
• Through a simple chemical procedure, cocaine may be changed into a smokeable form known as freebase or crack.

Smoking cocaine produces a nearly instant and intense sense of joy (euphoria), which is attractive to abusers. Other effects include:

• Feelings of increased confidence and energy
• Less inhibition
• Local numbness
• Powerful stimulation of the central nervous system

Increased use of and addiction to cocaine probably occur because it produces a very pleasurable high that is very short lived. This encourages the user to use the drug more often or regularly to get the desired effects.

Both the need to use larger amounts of the drugs to get the same effect (tolerance) and dependence may occur with regular cocaine use. Regular users may have:

• Depression
• Loss of interest in school, work, family, and friends
• Memory loss
• Mood swings
• Sleep problems
• Social withdrawal

Because heavy use may cause paranoia, cocaine users may become violent.

AMPHETAMINES

Other names used to describe amphetamines or methamphetamines include "crystal," "go," "crank," and "cross-tops."

During the 1950s and 1960s, amphetamines were often prescribed for conditions such as fatigue, obesity, and mild depression. Such use has stopped because the drugs are very addictive, and are now considered controlled substances.

Over-the-counter (OTC) amphetamine look-alike drugs are often abused. These drugs typically contain caffeine and other stimulants, and are sold as appetite suppressants or stay-awake/stay-alert aids.

Signs and symptoms of stimulant use:

• Dilated pupils
• Exaggerated feeling of well-being (euphoria)
• Fast heart rate
• Restlessness and hyperactivity
• Skin flushing
• Sleep disturbances
• Tremors
• Weight loss

INHALANTS

Inhalant use became popular with young teens in the 1960s with "glue sniffing." Since then, a greater variety of inhalants have become popular. Inhalant use typically involves younger teens or school-age children. Groups of children will usually use inhalants as an experiment.

Commonly abused inhalants include:

• Aerosols for deodorants or hair sprays
• Cleaning fluids
• Gasoline
• Liquid typewriter correction fluid
• Model glue
• Spray paints

The chemicals are poured into a plastic bag or soaked into rags, then breathed in. The drugs are absorbed through the respiratory tract and cause an altered mental state within 5 - 15 minutes.

Negative effects of inhalant abuse include:

• Brain damage
• Convulsions
• Liver or kidney damage
• Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy)
• Sudden death

Most inhalant use occurs among teens or preteens who do not have ready access to illegal drugs or alcohol.

OPIATES, OPIOIDS, AND NARCOTICS

Opiates come from opium poppies. These drugs include morphine and codeine. Opioids are artificial substances that have the same effect as morphine or codeine. The term "narcotic" refers to either type of drug.

Opiates and narcotics are powerful painkillers that cause drowsiness (sedation) and sometimes, feelings of euphoria.

These drugs include:

• Codeine
• Heroin
• Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
• Methadone
• Meperidine (Demerol)
• Opium
• Oxydodone (Percocet or Oxycontin)

Signs and symptoms of narcotic use:

• Coma, respiratory depression leading to coma, and death in high doses
• Needle marks on the skin ("tracks") if drug use is by injection
• Rapid heart rate
• Relaxed or euphoric state
• Scars from skin abscesses if drug use is by injection
• Small "pinpoint" pupils

Because heroin is commonly injected into a vein (used intravenously), there are health concerns about sharing contaminated needles among IV drug users. Complications of sharing contaminated needles include hepatitis, HIV infection, and AIDS.

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANTS

These substances produce a sedative and anxiety-reducing effect, which can lead to dependence.

These types of drugs include:

• Alcohol
• Barbiturates (amobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital), also called "yellow jackets"
• Benzodiazepines (Valium, Ativan, Xanax)
• Chloral hydrate
• Paraldehyde

Signs and symptoms of alcohol or other depressant use:

• Decreased attention span
• Impaired judgment
• Lack of coordination
• Slurred speech

CALL YOUR HEALTH CARE PROVIDER

• If you are concerned about the possibility of getting addicted to any prescribed medications
• If you are concerned about possible drug abuse by yourself or a family member
• If you are interested in getting more information on drug abuse
• If you are seeking treatment of drug abuse for yourself or a family member

Also seek out information and support from local 12-step support groups, such as:

• Al-anon/Alateen
• Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
• Narcotics Anonymous (NA)

Other support groups include:

• LifeRing Recovery
• Moderation Management
• SMART Recovery

See also:

• Alcoholism - support group
• Chemical dependence - support group

Samet JH. Drug abuse and dependence. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 32.

4-letter words

anal, axal, baal, coal, deal, dhal, dial, dual, egal, feal, foal, goal, heal, leal, meal, opal, oral, oval, peal, pial, real, rial, seal, sial, teal, veal, vial, weal, zeal

5-letter words

annal, appal, areal, argal, artal, arval, aural, axial, banal, basal, binal, boral, bubal, cabal, canal, cecal, comal, copal, coral, coxal, craal, decal, dedal, domal, dotal, ducal, dural, equal, fatal, fecal, feral, fetal, final, focal, fugal, gayal, glial, goral, graal, gyral, hadal, hamal, hemal, horal, ideal, ileal, ilial, jacal, joual, jugal, jural, kraal, legal, local, loral, loyal, medal, metal, modal, molal, moral, mural, nasal, natal, naval, nidal, nival, nodal, nopal, notal, octal, offal, papal, pedal, penal, petal, phial, pibal, pical, pipal, pupal, ratal, regal, renal, rival, riyal, royal, rugal, rural, sepal, seral, setal, sheal, shoal, sisal, skoal, steal, sural, tamal, tepal, tical, tidal, tonal, total, trial, tubal, typal, ureal, urial, usual, uveal, vagal, vasal, venal, vinal, viral, vital, vocal, wheal, zoeal, zonal

6-letter words

aboral, acetal, actual, aecial, aerial, agonal, amoral, animal, anneal, annual, anodal, antral, anural, aortal, apical, apneal, apodal, appeal, astral, atabal, atonal, atrial, avowal, axonal, azonal, barbal, benzal, biaxal, boreal, bridal, bromal, brumal, brutal, buccal, burial, bursal, caecal, carnal, carpal, casual, caudal, causal, cental, cereal, chiral, chital, choral, citral, clinal, clonal, coaxal, coccal, coeval, coital, corral, costal, credal, crural, cuneal, curial, curtal, cymbal, daedal, denial, dental, dermal, dismal, distal, dorsal, dossal, ductal, epical, espial, estral, facial, faecal, farfal, faucal, faunal, fecial, ferial, festal, fetial, feudal, filial, finial, fiscal, floral, foetal, fontal, formal, foveal, frugal, fungal, gavial, genial, gimbal, gimmal, gingal, global, gooral, haemal, hammal, hartal, herbal, hiatal, hiemal, hyetal, hymnal, hyphal, instal, irreal, jackal, jingal, jovial, jumbal, labial, laical, larval, lethal, lienal, lineal, loreal, luteal, mammal, manual, meatal, medial, menial, mensal, mental, mescal, mesial, mezcal, miskal, missal, mitral, mortal, mutual, narial, narwal, nasial, neural, normal, nounal, nuchal, ogival, ordeal, osteal, parral, pascal, pausal, penial, phonal, pineal, pinnal, plagal, plexal, plical, plural, portal, postal, primal, pulpal, quezal, racial, radial, rascal, recoal, rectal, redial, regnal, rental, repeal, reseal, retial, retral, reveal, rhinal, rictal, ritual, sacral, sandal, sendal, septal, serial, serval, sexual, signal, social, spinal, spiral, spital, sporal, squeal, statal, stomal, sulcal, tarnal, tarsal, tectal, telial, tergal, thecal, thenal, tibial, timbal, tincal, tineal, tombal, tribal, trinal, tussal, tymbal, umbral, uncial, ungual, unreal, unseal, urinal, vandal, vassal, veinal, venial, verbal, vernal, versal, vestal, vineal, visual, vulval, wadmal, withal, xenial, zoonal

7-letter words

abaxial, abettal, abuttal, abysmal, abyssal, acaudal, accrual, accusal, actinal, adagial, adaxial, admiral, adnexal, adrenal, affinal, affixal, ammonal, anconal, anginal, apnoeal, apogeal, apsidal, apteral, arousal, arrayal, arrival, arsenal, asexual, asocial, augural, auroral, austral, basinal, bathyal, benthal, bestial, biaxial, bifocal, bimetal, bimodal, bipedal, bizonal, borstal, burghal, butyral, cambial, cameral, canthal, capital, caporal, caracal, carinal, censual, central, ceramal, chaetal, chasmal, chloral, chordal, choreal, chorial, clausal, cloacal, clypeal, coaeval, coastal, coaxial, coequal, comical, conceal, conchal, congeal, conical, cordial, corneal, cornual, coronal, coryzal, cotidal, cranial, creedal, crestal, crissal, crucial, crustal, cryptal, crystal, cubical, cubital, cynical, datival, decadal, decanal, decimal, decrial, deposal, devisal, dextral, digital, diurnal, domical, ectypal, edictal, eluvial, encinal, enteral, enthral, ephoral, epigeal, epochal, estival, estrual, eternal, ethical, exposal, exuvial, factual, fascial, faucial, federal, femoral, figural, finical, fluidal, fluvial, fractal, frontal, funeral, futural, gastral, geminal, general, genital, geoidal, glacial, glossal, glottal, gluteal, gnathal, gomeral, gonadal, gradual, gremial, helical, hematal, hernial, humeral, humoral, hymenal, hyoidal, illegal, immoral, incisal, incudal, initial, inthral, intimal, invital, ischial, jejunal, journal, juvenal, lacteal, lacunal, laminal, lanital, lateral, lexical, liberal, liminal, lingual, literal, litoral, lochial, loessal, logical, lumenal, luminal, lustral, lyrical, magical, marital, marshal, martial, matinal, maximal, mayoral, medical, medusal, metical, miasmal, mimical, mineral, minimal, misdeal, misdial, mistral, monadal, mucosal, musical, nadiral, narwhal, natural, neutral, nodical, nominal, nucleal, numeral, nuptial, nymphal, oatmeal, octaval, oedipal, omental, optical, optimal, orbital, ordinal, osmolal, ovarial, ovoidal, paginal, papyral, partial, paschal, pedocal, peroral, perusal, peytral, phaseal, phrasal, pivotal, pleural, pluvial, poundal, preanal, predial, premeal, puberal, quantal, quetzal, quintal, rachial, radical, recital, refusal, refutal, reginal, removal, renewal, reposal, retinal, retrial, revisal, revival, rorqual, rostral, ruderal, ruminal, sahiwal, scandal, scleral, scribal, scrotal, segetal, seismal, seminal, sensual, serosal, serumal, several, somital, sororal, spacial, spathal, spatial, special, spheral, sponsal, spousal, sternal, stibial, stigmal, stoical, stratal, stromal, subdual, subgoal, suboral, suboval, sudoral, sundial, surreal, sutural, synodal, syzygal, tactual, tapetal, tertial, tetanal, textual, thermal, timbral, tissual, topical, toxical, trivial, trochal, tumoral, typical, umbonal, uncinal, unequal, unideal, unmoral, unusual, unvocal, uredial, uxorial, vaginal, vatical, vegetal, ventral, vesical, vestral, vicinal, victual, viminal, virtual, wadmaal, zoarial, zooidal

8-letter words

abapical, abbatial, abnormal, abomasal, achenial, acromial, adumbral, aecidial, aestival, affixial, agential, agrestal, amphoral, anconeal, antennal, antheral, apologal, approval, aquarial, arbitral, arboreal, archival, argental, armorial, arrhizal, arterial, asternal, astragal, atomical, atypical, autumnal, axonemal, barbital, baronial, basidial, berascal, bestowal, betrayal, biannual, biblical, bicaudal, bidental, biennial, bifacial, bilabial, bimanual, bimensal, binaural, binomial, biocidal, biotical, biracial, biradial, bisexual, bonemeal, brachial, bracteal, breccial, caesural, cannibal, cantonal, capsidal, cardinal, carnival, carousal, cathodal, cerebral, cervical, charcoal, chemical, chiasmal, chrismal, clerical, cliental, climatal, clinical, clitoral, colonial, colossal, columnal, comitial, communal, confocal, conidial, conjugal, conoidal, cornmeal, corporal, corrival, cortical, cosmical, criminal, critical, crunodal, cuboidal, cultural, cuspidal, custumal, cyclical, cyclonal, decidual, decretal, deferral, defrayal, deicidal, deifical, demersal, demurral, dentinal, dentural, deprival, detrital, deverbal, diaconal, diagonal, diastral, dicrotal, dihedral, diluvial, dioptral, dipteral, disloyal, disposal, dividual, doctoral, duncical, duodenal, dyspneal, ecdysial, ecocidal, ecotonal, effigial, empyreal, endemial, entozoal, epidural, epifocal, episomal, erotical, eschewal, especial, espousal, ethereal, ethnical, eventual, exarchal, excretal, exequial, exergual, exordial, external, familial, farcical, festival, fiducial, filarial, fimbrial, fishmeal, flexural, forbidal, forestal, fornical, fucoidal, funereal, furfural, ganglial, geranial, germinal, gestical, gestural, gingival, gnomical, gonadial, gonidial, gunmetal, guttural, gyroidal, habitual, haematal, haptical, hectical, heliacal, heroical, hibernal, hormonal, hospital, hymeneal, hymenial, hypogeal, iatrical, iconical, illuvial, imaginal, immortal, imperial, inchmeal, indusial, inertial, infaunal, infernal, informal, infrugal, inguinal, inimical, integral, internal, interval, irenical, ironical, isogonal, judicial, kathodal, keloidal, khedival, lacrimal, lagoonal, laryngal, lipoidal, littoral, lixivial, locustal, loessial, lubrical, macrural, madrigal, maniacal, manorial, manurial, marginal, material, maternal, matronal, medieval, memorial, meniscal, mensural, metazoal, methylal, metrical, milligal, minutial, mistrial, monachal, monaural, monaxial, monomial, morainal, motional, mucoidal, mycelial, mystical, mythical, national, nauplial, nautical, neonatal, neuronal, neurosal, nonequal, nonfatal, nonfinal, nonfocal, nonideal, nonlegal, nonlocal, nonmetal, nonmodal, nonmoral, nonnaval, nonpapal, nonrival, nonroyal, nonrural, nontidal, nontonal, nonviral, nonvocal, notarial, notional, noumenal, novercal, nurtural, occlusal, octantal, official, oogonial, oothecal, optional, oriental, original, orinasal, orphical, outrival, overzeal, ovicidal, oviducal, parental, parfocal, parietal, pastoral, pastural, patagial, paternal, patronal, pectoral, pedestal, pelagial, pelletal, peridial, perigeal, perineal, peroneal, personal, petrosal, phratral, physical, piscinal, plastral, podagral, poetical, pollical, postanal, postoral, postural, praedial, prandial, preaxial, prebasal, precaval, prefixal, prelegal, premoral, prenatal, prepupal, prerenal, pretrial, primatal, primeval, procural, prodigal, proemial, proposal, prosomal, proviral, proximal, pubertal, pudendal, pulpital, punctual, puparial, pygidial, pyrexial, rasorial, rational, reburial, rebuttal, referral, regental, regional, remedial, remigial, remittal, reprisal, reproval, requital, residual, restoral, revenual, reversal, reviewal, rhonchal, rubrical, rustical, sagittal, scenical, sceptral, seasonal, sectoral, selfheal, septical, shogunal, shrieval, sidereal, silvical, siphonal, skeletal, societal, somedeal, sonantal, spectral, splenial, springal, staminal, statical, sterical, stomatal, subaxial, subdural, subnasal, subnodal, subtotal, subviral, subvocal, suffixal, suicidal, summital, supernal, supposal, surgical, surroyal, survival, syncopal, syndical, synovial, syzygial, tactical, teetotal, tegminal, temporal, tenurial, terminal, textural, thetical, thoracal, toroidal, tracheal, tragical, triaxial, tribunal, trifocal, trigonal, trilobal, trinodal, tripedal, tripodal, troopial, tropical, troupial, turbinal, turrical, tutorial, tympanal, unfilial, ungenial, uniaxial, unisonal, univocal, unlethal, unsexual, unsocial, upheaval, uprootal, ureteral, urethral, uropodal, vaccinal, varietal, venereal, vertical, vesperal, vestural, viatical, vicarial, virginal, visceral, visional, vizirial, vortical, warragal, warrigal, zenithal, zodiacal, zoogleal

9-letter words

abdominal, accentual, acquittal, acropetal, acrosomal, actuarial, adenoidal, adverbial, ambrosial, ancestral, anecdotal, angelical, antenatal, antidotal, antinodal, antipapal, antipodal, antiviral, appraisal, archducal, armigeral, arsenical, artisanal, ascetical, aspectual, atemporal, auctorial, authorial, autosomal, avifaunal, azimuthal, bacchanal, backpedal, bacterial, baptismal, baritonal, basipetal, betrothal, bicameral, bicipital, bicoastal, bigeminal, bilateral, bilingual, biosocial, blastemal, botanical, botulinal, branchial, bronchial, cacuminal, cadastral, cadential, canonical, cantorial, catarrhal, cathedral, celestial, censorial, cercarial, chaparral, choroidal, circuital, cisternal, cladodial, classical, claustral, cloistral, coccygeal, cochineal, coeternal, coitional, collegial, colloidal, colluvial, colostral, commensal, committal, conferral, conformal, congenial, connubial, continual, convivial, corporeal, creatural, cursorial, custodial, cycloidal, dandiacal, decennial, deistical, demential, demonical, denominal, diametral, diarrheal, dictional, disavowal, discoidal, dismissal, dispersal, dissocial, doctrinal, dominical, dropsical, druidical, dynamical, ecclesial, editorial, effectual, electoral, elegiacal, elemental, embryonal, emotional, empirical, endosteal, ephemeral, epidermal, epifaunal, episcopal, epitaxial, equivocal, eristical, erosional, erratical, essential, estuarial, ethmoidal, factional, factorial, fanatical, fatidical, fenestral, fictional, financial, fissional, fluxional, foraminal, forestial, fossorial, fraternal, genetical, genitival, genocidal, graphical, heretical, hexagonal, homicidal, horizonal, hypnoidal, identical, idiotical, illiberal, illogical, impartial, inaugural, indexical, isohyetal, isophotal, junctural, juridical, khedivial, lachrymal, laryngeal, lemniscal, libidinal, liposomal, lognormal, lysosomal, magistral, marmoreal, marsupial, matutinal, mediaeval, medicinal, meningeal, menstrual, mercurial, microbial, middorsal, miliarial, miticidal, monarchal, monodical, monsoonal, municipal, myoneural, myxoviral, nocturnal, nonanimal, noncasual, noncausal, noncoital, nonformal, nonlethal, nonlineal, nonmanual, nonmental, nonracial, nonsexual, nonsocial, nonverbal, nonvisual, numerical, occipital, octagonal, officinal, orificial, overpedal, oviductal, pansexual, paradisal, parochial, passional, penumbral, perennial, perinatal, perpetual, petechial, pictorial, piecemeal, piperonal, piratical, placental, polemical, political, polygonal, polytonal, popliteal, portrayal, postaxial, postcaval, postnatal, posttrial, potential, practical, prebendal, precocial, precoital, prefeudal, preputial, presidial, preverbal, primatial, principal, prodromal, protozoal, psychical, puerperal, pycnidial, pyramidal, pyridoxal, quizzical, raptorial, rearousal, rectorial, regicidal, rehearsal, reprieval, retrieval, revictual, rhizobial, rhizoidal, ribosomal, sartorial, satirical, sceptical, sciential, sectional, sectorial, segmental, semestral, semifinal, semimetal, semirural, semitonal, seneschal, sensorial, serotinal, sessional, sigmoidal, sinistral, skeptical, spherical, spiritual, squamosal, stapedial, stational, steroidal, stomodeal, subaerial, subapical, subdermal, sublethal, submittal, subnormal, subsocial, subvassal, subvisual, suctional, suctorial, superreal, surficial, surprisal, sympodial, synagogal, synclinal, syncytial, synodical, technical, tegmental, tensional, theriacal, thesaural, thyroidal, tonsorial, torsional, traversal, trichinal, triennial, trihedral, trinomial, triumphal, tuitional, umbilical, uncynical, unethical, unilineal, unisexual, universal, unlyrical, unmusical, unnatural, untypical, uredinial, vaccinial, vasovagal, vaticinal, vectorial, veridical, versional, vertebral, vestigial, vicennial, viceregal, vigesimal, viricidal, virucidal, vizierial, whimsical

10-letter words

abacterial, aboriginal, academical, acaricidal, accidental, acoustical, acrostical, additional, adenoviral, adhesional, adjectival, ambisexual, ambulacral, ammoniacal, anagogical, anarchical, anatomical, aneurysmal, anticlinal, antifungal, antimonial, antiphonal, antisexual, antisocial, apocryphal, apolitical, apophyseal, apothecial, archetypal, artificial, aspherical, assonantal, asteroidal, autarkical, behavioral, beneficial, bequeathal, bicultural, bilharzial, binational, bioethical, biological, biomedical, biparental, botryoidal, campestral, carnassial, catamenial, centennial, centesimal, ceremonial, cheliceral, chimerical, chlamydial, citational, cognominal, collateral, colloquial, colorectal, commercial, commonweal, conceptual, conchoidal, confederal, confrontal, congenital, connatural, consensual, contextual, conventual, covenantal, credential, curatorial, decemviral, decisional, delusional, demoniacal, dermatomal, desmosomal, devotional, diabolical, diaphyseal, diaphysial, didactical, disenthral, divisional, documental, dogmatical, duodecimal, ecological, economical, ectodermal, ecumenical, egoistical, electrical, elliptical, emulsoidal, encyclical, endodermal, enological, entodermal, epicardial, epicentral, epidemical, epididymal, epiglottal, epiphyseal, epiphysial, episodical, epitaphial, epithelial, epitomical, equational, equatorial, eremitical, esophageal, evidential, excisional, exegetical, exothermal, extemporal, extramural, fractional, fragmental, frictional, functional, fungicidal, geodetical, geological, geothermal, germicidal, glossarial, goldenseal, gonococcal, gonorrheal, gyrational, haustorial, hebdomadal, helicoidal, hemiacetal, hemihedral, heptagonal, herbicidal, hermetical, hierarchal, historical, holohedral, homocercal, homosexual, horizontal, hypabyssal, hypaethral, hypodermal, hysterical, ideational, idiolectal, illusional, immaterial, immemorial, impersonal, incidental, individual, industrial, influenzal, interlocal, intermodal, internodal, interrenal, intertidal, intertrial, interzonal, intestinal, intramural, intranasal, intravital, intrazonal, involucral, irrational, isochronal, isoglossal, isothermal, janitorial, jesuitical, judgmental, junctional, kilopascal, larvicidal, liturgical, locational, logistical, magnifical, managerial, margravial, matricidal, mechanical, megafaunal, menarcheal, menopausal, meridional, mesodermal, metacarpal, metatarsal, methodical, microsomal, microtonal, millennial, millesimal, miracidial, monarchial, monitorial, monoclonal, monopodial, monumental, multiaxial, multifocal, multimodal, mutational, myocardial, natatorial, negational, neoliberal, nephridial, neuroglial, nonaccrual, noncapital, noncentral, nonethical, nonfactual, nonfederal, nongenital, noninitial, nonlexical, nonliteral, nonlogical, nonmarital, nonmedical, nonmusical, nonnatural, nonoptimal, nonrenewal, nonspatial, nonthermal, nontrivial, nontypical, nosocomial, notational, nutational, occasional, occidental, octahedral, ommatidial, oratorical, orchestral, organismal, ornamental, orthogonal, outgeneral, overbrutal, paradisial, paranoidal, paranormal, parapodial, parasexual, parenteral, paroxysmal, parricidal, pathetical, patricidal, pedimental, pennyroyal, pentagonal, perceptual, perihelial, perikaryal, periodical, periosteal, peripheral, peritoneal, phantasmal, pharyngeal, phenomenal, pheromonal, photomural, phthisical, plastidial, polyclonal, polyhedral, polynomial, pontifical, positional, postcoital, praetorial, preethical, prefrontal, pregenital, prelogical, premarital, premedical, prenuptial, prepuberal, primordial, prismoidal, procambial, procedural, proctorial, pronominal, prosodical, prostomial, protonemal, prototypal, proverbial, provincial, prudential, quadrantal, quadrivial, quixotical, rabbinical, reciprocal, regimental, relational, retroviral, rhetorical, rhomboidal, rhythmical, rotational, rudimental, sabbatical, sacerdotal, sarcosomal, sclerotial, scriptural, sculptural, seignorial, semantical, semestrial, semiannual, semifeudal, semiformal, semilethal, semipostal, senatorial, sentential, septennial, septicidal, sepulchral, sequential, simoniacal, simplicial, sincipital, sinoatrial, sinusoidal, solenoidal, solstitial, spermatial, sphenoidal, spheroidal, sponsorial, sporangial, sporicidal, stomodaeal, structural, subcentral, subcrustal, subglacial, subliminal, sublingual, submaximal, subminimal, submucosal, suboptimal, suborbital, subtextual, suprarenal, supravital, symbolical, symphyseal, symphysial, synchronal, synoptical, tangential, televisual, tetragonal, theatrical, theistical, theurgical, thimerosal, thiopental, tinctorial, torrential, tractional, transeptal, transferal, treponemal, trigeminal, trilateral, trilingual, triliteral, trochoidal, tyrannical, ufological, unbiblical, uncritical, unicameral, unilateral, unilingual, unofficial, unoriginal, unpastoral, unpunctual, urogenital, urological, urticarial, vestmental, vocational, volitional, withdrawal, zoological

11-letter words

abiological, accessional, accessorial, adventitial, adversarial, advertorial, aeromedical, aeronomical, aesthetical, affectional, agitational, ahistorical, amobarbital, anecdotical, antenuptial, antheridial, anthropical, antiliberal, antilogical, antimusical, antinatural, antiradical, antitumoral, apartmental, apicultural, aptitudinal, archegonial, artifactual, ascensional, atheistical, attentional, attitudinal, attritional, audiovisual, autarchical, avocational, axiological, biochemical, biomaterial, biometrical, biophysical, bipyramidal, bisectional, bryological, caricatural, carpogonial, casuistical, cataclysmal, catechismal, categorical, centrifugal, centripetal, chancroidal, chromosomal, cicatricial, citronellal, clostridial, cognitional, collisional, commissural, condimental, conditional, conflictual, confusional, conjectural, consonantal, continental, contractual, coprincipal, coxcombical, cylindrical, cytological, deceptional, decremental, deferential, demiurgical, detrimental, diacritical, diametrical, dictatorial, diffusional, dimensional, diphtherial, diphthongal, directional, directorial, disapproval, disciplinal, educational, egomaniacal, egotistical, ellipsoidal, endocardial, endometrial, endothelial, enigmatical, enteroviral, epithetical, equilateral, equinoctial, erythrismal, ethological, etiological, eurythermal, evangelical, exceptional, excremental, executorial, existential, exoskeletal, expansional, exponential, extensional, fantastical, firmamental, fratricidal, fundamental, gemological, genotypical, geochemical, geometrical, geophysical, gestational, gradational, grammatical, hexadecimal, hippocampal, homiletical, homological, horological, hypersexual, hypocentral, hypoglossal, hypophyseal, hypophysial, hypothermal, icosahedral, ideological, impolitical, impractical, incorporeal, incremental, ineffectual, inessential, inferential, infinitival, influential, infomercial, insertional, instinctual, intensional, intentional, interannual, intercensal, intercostal, interdental, interfacial, interracial, intersexual, intertribal, intradermal, intrathecal, intrinsical, intuitional, inventorial, ipsilateral, judgmatical, kinematical, labiodental, lactational, latitudinal, leishmanial, leptospiral, leukorrheal, librational, lineamental, loculicidal, lumbosacral, magisterial, matriarchal, matrilineal, matrimonial, mediastinal, mediational, medicolegal, mesenchymal, mesothelial, metaethical, meteoroidal, metonymical, micrococcal, microfaunal, microfloral, midsagittal, migrational, ministerial, monarchical, monochasial, monocrystal, monolingual, multicausal, multinomial, multiracial, mycological, mycoplasmal, mycorrhizal, narrational, nematicidal, nematocidal, neocolonial, neocortical, neurilemmal, nomological, nonchemical, nonclerical, nonclinical, noncriminal, noncritical, noncultural, noncyclical, nonfamilial, nonhormonal, nonhospital, nonintegral, nonjudicial, nonmaterial, nonmetrical, nonmystical, nonnational, nonofficial, nonpersonal, nonphysical, nonrational, nonseasonal, nonsensical, nonskeletal, nonsurgical, nontemporal, nonterminal, nontropical, nosological, notochordal, nucleosomal, nutritional, obsessional, obstetrical, oecumenical, oncological, ontological, operational, orthonormal, overarousal, overliteral, panegyrical, pantropical, paradisical, paradoxical, paramedical, parasitical, parenchymal, participial, patriarchal, patrilineal, patrimonial, patristical, pedagogical, pedological, penitential, penological, pentahedral, pericardial, pericranial, periodontal, peristomial, perithecial, peroxisomal, pharisaical, piscatorial, planetoidal, polycrystal, pomological, postcranial, postglacial, postmarital, postnuptial, postorbital, pragmatical, prebiblical, preclinical, precolonial, precritical, predoctoral, prefectural, prejudicial, premedieval, preprandial, prepubertal, preterminal, previsional, probational, promotional, prophetical, protectoral, provisional, pseudopodal, purgatorial, puritanical, pyramidical, quadrennial, quadrupedal, quincuncial, quincunxial, radiational, reappraisal, recessional, recommittal, redactional, reductional, referential, reportorial, residential, reverential, reversional, rhapsodical, rheological, rickettsial, sacramental, sacrificial, sarcolemmal, scarlatinal, secretarial, seigneurial, semidiurnal, seminatural, sempiternal, sensational, sentimental, serological, sexagesimal, sinological, situational, sociosexual, sodomitical, sophistical, spermicidal, spirochetal, statistical, strategical, subclinical, subcortical, subcritical, subcultural, subinterval, sublittoral, submarginal, subnational, subrational, subregional, substantial, subterminal, subtropical, summational, superficial, supernormal, symmetrical, synonymical, syntactical, terrestrial, territorial, testimonial, tetrahedral, theological, theoretical, therewithal, thrasonical, toploftical, topological, toponymical, traditional, transdermal, transmittal, transsexual, transversal, trapezoidal, trichomonal, typological, ultracasual, uncanonical, unclassical, uncongenial, unemotional, unempirical, unequivocal, unessential, uniparental, unpolitical, unpractical, unspiritual, untechnical, variational, vibrational, virological, wherewithal

12-letter words

aberrational, adaptational, adjustmental, aeronautical, agrichemical, agricultural, agrochemical, annexational, anthological, anticlerical, anticolonial, anticultural, antinational, antirational, antithetical, apparitional, appositional, aquacultural, archesporial, archetypical, arithmetical, aspirational, astrological, astronomical, asymmetrical, atheoretical, audiological, autocratical, bactericidal, bibliothecal, bicentennial, bifunctional, bimillennial, biographical, biotechnical, catechetical, coincidental, commissarial, complemental, complexional, componential, conceptional, concessional, conductorial, conferential, confessional, confidential, conjunctival, connectional, consistorial, contrapuntal, convectional, conventional, conversional, correctional, cosmogonical, cosmological, craniofacial, craniosacral, cryosurgical, cryptococcal, cybernetical, cytochemical, cytoskeletal, declensional, definitional, departmental, depositional, derivational, diagnostical, differential, difunctional, digressional, dilatational, distortional, dodecahedral, dorsiventral, dorsolateral, dorsoventral, emblematical, endochondral, endoskeletal, endotracheal, enterococcal, enterostomal, epexegetical, epicycloidal, epigraphical, ethnological, etymological, excavational, exorcistical, expediential, experiential, experimental, expositional, expressional, extracranial, extramarital, extramusical, extratextual, foundational, generational, geobotanical, geographical, geopolitical, geosynclinal, geotechnical, gladiatorial, governmental, hagiological, hemorrhoidal, heroicomical, heterocercal, heterosexual, hexobarbital, hierarchical, histological, hydrological, hydrothermal, hyperarousal, hyperbolical, hypertypical, hypocritical, hypothetical, iconological, imbibitional, immethodical, imperatorial, indicational, infanticidal, inflectional, innovational, insecticidal, instrumental, intellectual, intercoastal, interfluvial, interglacial, internuncial, interorbital, interpluvial, interstadial, interstitial, intonational, intracardial, intracranial, invitational, invocational, involutional, irrotational, karyological, levitational, limitational, limnological, linguistical, lithological, longitudinal, managemental, mathematical, maturational, metaphorical, metaphysical, metathetical, meteoritical, metrological, metronomical, microcrystal, misappraisal, monocultural, monomaniacal, monsignorial, motivational, motoneuronal, multilateral, multilingual, museological, mythological, navigational, necrological, neoclassical, neurohumoral, neurological, nonbacterial, nonclassical, noncommittal, noncustodial, noneditorial, nonemotional, nonempirical, nonessential, nonfictional, nonfinancial, nonidentical, nonmercurial, nonmicrobial, nonmunicipal, nonnumerical, nonpolitical, nonpractical, nonspherical, nonsteroidal, nontechnical, nonuniversal, occupational, oligarchical, oppositional, orographical, osteological, overcritical, paraboloidal, paradisaical, paradisiacal, paratactical, pathological, perceptional, perichondral, perorational, perspectival, pestilential, petrological, phenological, phenotypical, philological, phonological, phycological, planetesimal, platitudinal, pneumococcal, populational, possessional, postbiblical, postcolonial, postdoctoral, posthospital, postimperial, postmedieval, postneonatal, postprandial, postsurgical, postvaccinal, precentorial, preceptorial, precessional, preferential, preinaugural, premenstrual, prerehearsal, presbyterial, presidential, procathedral, processional, productional, professional, professorial, projectional, proportional, protonematal, prototypical, providential, pseudopodial, psychosexual, psychosocial, pyromaniacal, quarterfinal, quinquennial, radiological, recreational, reflectional, repetitional, reputational, retinotectal, rhombohedral, saccharoidal, scatological, schismatical, schistosomal, secobarbital, semiarboreal, semicolonial, semimystical, semiofficial, semiological, semitropical, sericultural, sociological, speciational, spectatorial, spermatozoal, stenothermal, sternocostal, subeditorial, subepidermal, subprincipal, substantival, successional, superhelical, supernatural, superspecial, supplemental, supraorbital, synaptosomal, synchronical, tautological, teleological, theocratical, theosophical, timocratical, tragicomical, transitional, transnatural, tribological, triglyphical, triphthongal, trochanteral, tropological, ultraradical, uncommercial, unecological, uneconomical, unhistorical, unhysterical, unrhetorical, unscriptural, urinogenital, vegetational, ventromedial, visitatorial, viticultural, zootechnical

13-letter words

abstractional, acquisitional, aerodynamical, aggregational, ambassadorial, antibacterial, anticlassical, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antipolitical, aphrodisiacal, arbitrational, archidiaconal, architectural, associational, astronautical, astrophysical, attributional, autecological, bathymetrical, biconditional, bidirectional, bioelectrical, biomechanical, cacographical, cardiological, cerebrospinal, chemosurgical, chronological, codicological, coeducational, cohomological, collocational, combinational, combinatorial, compartmental, compositional, compressional, computational, congressional, conjugational, conjunctional, connotational, consequential, contractional, controversial, convocational, coresidential, correlational, cosmochemical, cryptological, cytogenetical, declinational, deformational, demographical, demonological, dendrological, deontological, determinantal, developmental, dipsomaniacal, dispositional, dramaturgical, dysfunctional, electrodermal, embryological, entomological, environmental, epiphenomenal, equipotential, examinational, exobiological, expectational, explorational, expurgatorial, exterritorial, extrajudicial, floricultural, fluctuational, foraminiferal, futurological, gastronomical, glaciological, grandparental, graphological, gravitational, gubernatorial, gynecological, hematological, hemispherical, hermeneutical, histochemical, horticultural, hyperboloidal, hypercritical, hypermetrical, hyperphysical, hyperrational, ichthyofaunal, immigrational, immunological, incantational, inclinational, infinitesimal, informational, inquisitional, inquisitorial, inscriptional, inspirational, institutional, instructional, insubstantial, interactional, intercolonial, intercommunal, intercortical, intercultural, interfamilial, intermarginal, international, interneuronal, interpersonal, interproximal, interregional, intersocietal, interterminal, intertropical, intracerebral, intrapersonal, lackadaisical, legislatorial, magistratical, maxillofacial, meningococcal, metacercarial, metafictional, microcultural, microfilarial, microphysical, microscopical, microsurgical, mitochondrial, molluscicidal, monophthongal, morphological, multicultural, multihospital, multinational, multiregional, multispectral, multiterminal, musicological, mycobacterial, myoelectrical, mythopoetical, nematological, neurochemical, neurohormonal, neurosurgical, nomenclatural, nonbehavioral, nonbiological, noncommercial, nonconceptual, nonconsensual, nonelectrical, nonfunctional, nongonococcal, nonhistorical, nonhomosexual, nonhysterical, nonindividual, nonindustrial, nonjudgmental, nonmanagerial, nonmechanical, nonreciprocal, nonsequential, nonstructural, nontheatrical, nonvocational, numerological, observational, ochlocratical, orientational, orismological, oropharyngeal, oscillational, overemotional, ovipositional, pantheistical, parasiticidal, parenthetical, pentobarbital, permutational, petrochemical, pharmacopeial, phenobarbital, philosophical, photochemical, phrenological, physiological, phytochemical, polyribosomal, postclassical, postembryonal, postinaugural, postulational, praxeological, prebiological, prehistorical, preindustrial, premenopausal, premillennial, prepositional, preternatural, prevocational, problematical, proctological, procuratorial, progressional, propositional, proprietorial, prosecutorial, psephological, psychological, pyrotechnical, quadrilateral, radiochemical, rarefactional, reformational, seismological, selenological, semiclassical, semiempirical, semipolitical, sensorineural, septentrional, silvicultural, sociocultural, somatological, speleological, stereological, stereotypical, streptococcal, substructural, supercolossal, supercriminal, supercritical, supernational, superpersonal, superphysical, superregional, suppositional, supranational, suprarational, synarthrodial, synecdochical, synecological, technological, temperamental, teratological, tercentennial, terminational, tetartohedral, topographical, toxicological, transactional, transcultural, transfusional, translational, transnational, transpersonal, tritheistical, typographical, ultracritical, ultraphysical, ultrarational, unconditional, unexceptional, ungrammatical, unideological, unintentional, unsensational, unsentimental, unsubstantial, unsymmetrical, untheoretical, untraditional, ventriloquial, ventrolateral, vivisectional, xylographical

14-letter words

adrenocortical, aerobiological, anagrammatical, anticommercial, antihistorical, antihomosexual, arboricultural, archaeological, archiepiscopal, axisymmetrical, bibliomaniacal, biogeochemical, biostatistical, cartographical, catachrestical, chirographical, chronometrical, circumstantial, civilizational, climatological, commonsensical, compensational, condensational, confirmational, conformational, congregational, conservational, conservatorial, consociational, conspirational, conspiratorial, constitutional, constructional, consubstantial, conversational, cosmographical, counterfactual, craniocerebral, criminological, cryobiological, denominational, dermatological, diagrammatical, discographical, dispensational, dissertational, distributional, ecclesiastical, electrothermal, epicontinental, eschatological, ethnobotanical, ethnographical, eugeosynclinal, extracorporeal, extrapyramidal, gastroduodenal, gerontological, hagiographical, herpetological, hieroglyphical, hydrocolloidal, hydrodynamical, hyperemotional, hypocoristical, ichthyological, iconographical, illustrational, immunochemical, insurrectional, intelligential, intercessional, interferential, interjectional, intermenstrual, interparochial, intersectional, intersegmental, intervertebral, jurisdictional, lichenological, meteorological, methodological, microspherical, monotheistical, multifactorial, multipotential, myrmecological, narratological, nasopharyngeal, nomenclatorial, nonchromosomal, noncontractual, nondimensional, nondirectional, noneducational, nonexistential, nongeometrical, nongrammatical, nonideological, nonoperational, nonresidential, nonsensational, nonstatistical, nonsymmetrical, nontheological, nontheoretical, nontraditional, nymphomaniacal, organizational, ornithological, orthographical, perturbational, petrographical, pharmaceutical, pharmacopoeial, phraseological, physiognomical, planetological, polytheistical, posterolateral, postindustrial, postmenopausal, postmillennial, postpositional, preconsonantal, preoperational, presentational, presentimental, primatological, progestational, prothonotarial, psychochemical, psychophysical, psychosurgical, pteridological, quincentennial, quintessential, reminiscential, resurrectional, semasiological, semicentennial, semicommercial, sociopolitical, soteriological, spatiotemporal, spermatogonial, staphylococcal, stereochemical, subarachnoidal, subcontinental, substitutional, suprasegmental, terminological, thanatological, thermochemical, transcendental, transductional, transferential, transplacental, tridimensional, ultrapractical, unconventional, unidimensional, unidirectional, unintellectual, unprofessional, vexillological, volcanological

15-letter words

accommodational, acculturational, amphitheatrical, anthropological, anticlimactical, antieducational, antimonarchical, antisentimental, antitheoretical, antitraditional, bacteriological, bibliographical, biogeographical, biomathematical, circumferential, communicational, configurational, confrontational, corynebacterial, countercultural, countercyclical, counterproposal, demonstrational, disproportional, documentational, ecclesiological, electrochemical, electrosurgical, enterobacterial, entrepreneurial, epidemiological, epistemological, ethnohistorical, hydrobiological, hydromechanical, hyperfunctional, hypochondriacal, improvisational, improvisatorial, inconsequential, interbehavioral, interdivisional, interindividual, interparoxysmal, interperceptual, interprovincial, interrogational, intraperitoneal, intrapreneurial, introspectional, investigational, jurisprudential, juxtapositional, lexicographical, macrostructural, mechanochemical, microanatomical, microbiological, microstructural, miscegenational, multidivisional, multifunctional, multimillennial, musculoskeletal, neuroanatomical, neurobiological, nonagricultural, nonastronomical, nonbiographical, nonconfidential, nonconventional, nondepartmental, nonexperimental, nongovernmental, nonhierarchical, noninflectional, noninsecticidal, noninstrumental, nonintellectual, nonmathematical, nonmetaphorical, nonoccupational, nonprofessional, nonprofessorial, oceanographical, omnidirectional, orchestrational, organomercurial, pantisocratical, parasitological, participational, pharmacological, philanthropical, photobiological, photogeological, photomechanical, physicochemical, physiographical, postconsonantal, preagricultural, prepresidential, preprofessional, pronunciational, radiobiological, recombinational, retroperitoneal, semicylindrical, semiterrestrial, sociobiological, sociohistorical, subprofessional, superindividual, superstructural, thermodynamical, transcriptional, transhistorical, transpirational, transpositional, transubstantial, trichomonacidal, trigonometrical, ultracommercial, ultrastructural, unchronological, uncontroversial, zoogeographical

16-letter words

adenohypophyseal, adenohypophysial, anticonventional, antihierarchical, antimetaphysical, autobiographical, biotechnological, chordamesodermal, chronobiological, deuterocanonical, discriminational, ecophysiological, endocrinological, epizootiological, extrachromosomal, extraterrestrial, extraterritorial, gastroesophageal, gastrointestinal, geochronological, geomorphological, glossopharyngeal, interchromosomal, intercontinental, intergradational, interministerial, interpretational, interterritorial, intertestamental, metamathematical, multidimensional, multidirectional, neurohypophyseal, neurohypophysial, nonchronological, noncontroversial, nondisjunctional, nongravitational, noninstitutional, noninstructional, nonphilosophical, nonpsychological, oligodendroglial, paraprofessional, phantasmagorical, phenomenological, postdepositional, postexperimental, postpresidential, presuppositional, pretechnological, prosopographical, psychobiological, psychohistorical, quadricentennial, quantificational, redistributional, reorganizational, representational, roentgenological, sedimentological, semigovernmental, semiprofessional, sesquicentennial, submitochondrial, supersubstantial, tracheobronchial, transcontinental, transformational, transportational, ultracentrifugal, ultraparadoxical, unconstitutional, undenominational

17-letter words

antitechnological, biometeorological, characterological, countercommercial, electromechanical, histopathological, historiographical, hyperintellectual, interdepartmental, intergenerational, intergovernmental, interpopulational, interprofessional, metapsychological, multigenerational, neuropathological, neuroradiological, nonconstitutional, nondenominational, nonecclesiastical, otolaryngological, parapsychological, pharmacognostical, phytogeographical, phytopathological, phytosociological, posttranslational, superintellectual, symptomatological, ultraprofessional

18-letter words

countereducational, ethnomusicological, histophysiological, immunocytochemical, immunopathological, interinstitutional, lepidopterological, microenvironmental, micromorphological, neurophysiological, neuropsychological, nonanthropological, nonconfrontational, pathophysiological, physiopathological, psychobiographical, psychopathological, sociopsychological, ultramicroscopical

19-letter words

clinicopathological, dendrochronological, gastroenterological, glottochronological, hydrometeorological, immunohematological, immunohistochemical, interdenominational, interjurisdictional, interorganizational, micrometeorological, nonrepresentational, posttranscriptional, psychophysiological, radiopharmaceutical, reticuloendothelial

20-letter words

electrophysiological, neuropharmacological, semiautobiographical, spectrophotometrical

21-letter words

neuroendocrinological, psychopharmacological

22-letter words

otorhinolaryngological

4-letter words

anal, axal, baal, coal, deal, dhal, dial, dual, egal, feal, foal, goal, heal, leal, meal, opal, oral, oval, peal, pial, real, rial, seal, sial, teal, veal, vial, weal, zeal

5-letter words

annal, appal, areal, argal, artal, arval, aural, axial, banal, basal, binal, boral, bubal, cabal, canal, cecal, comal, copal, coral, coxal, craal, decal, dedal, domal, dotal, ducal, dural, equal, fatal, fecal, feral, fetal, final, focal, fugal, gayal, glial, goral, graal, gyral, hadal, hamal, hemal, horal, ideal, ileal, ilial, jacal, joual, jugal, jural, kraal, legal, local, loral, loyal, medal, metal, modal, molal, moral, mural, nasal, natal, naval, nidal, nival, nodal, nopal, notal, octal, offal, papal, pedal, penal, petal, phial, pibal, pical, pipal, pupal, ratal, regal, renal, rival, riyal, royal, rugal, rural, sepal, seral, setal, sheal, shoal, sisal, skoal, steal, sural, tamal, tepal, tical, tidal, tonal, total, trial, tubal, typal, ureal, urial, usual, uveal, vagal, vasal, venal, vinal, viral, vital, vocal, wheal, zoeal, zonal

6-letter words

aboral, acetal, actual, aecial, aerial, agonal, amoral, animal, anneal, annual, anodal, antral, anural, aortal, apical, apneal, apodal, appeal, astral, atabal, atonal, atrial, avowal, axonal, azonal, barbal, benzal, biaxal, boreal, bridal, bromal, brumal, brutal, buccal, burial, bursal, caecal, carnal, carpal, casual, caudal, causal, cental, cereal, chiral, chital, choral, citral, clinal, clonal, coaxal, coccal, coeval, coital, corral, costal, credal, crural, cuneal, curial, curtal, cymbal, daedal, denial, dental, dermal, dismal, distal, dorsal, dossal, ductal, epical, espial, estral, facial, faecal, farfal, faucal, faunal, fecial, ferial, festal, fetial, feudal, filial, finial, fiscal, floral, foetal, fontal, formal, foveal, frugal, fungal, gavial, genial, gimbal, gimmal, gingal, global, gooral, haemal, hammal, hartal, herbal, hiatal, hiemal, hyetal, hymnal, hyphal, instal, irreal, jackal, jingal, jovial, jumbal, labial, laical, larval, lethal, lienal, lineal, loreal, luteal, mammal, manual, meatal, medial, menial, mensal, mental, mescal, mesial, mezcal, miskal, missal, mitral, mortal, mutual, narial, narwal, nasial, neural, normal, nounal, nuchal, ogival, ordeal, osteal, parral, pascal, pausal, penial, phonal, pineal, pinnal, plagal, plexal, plical, plural, portal, postal, primal, pulpal, quezal, racial, radial, rascal, recoal, rectal, redial, regnal, rental, repeal, reseal, retial, retral, reveal, rhinal, rictal, ritual, sacral, sandal, sendal, septal, serial, serval, sexual, signal, social, spinal, spiral, spital, sporal, squeal, statal, stomal, sulcal, tarnal, tarsal, tectal, telial, tergal, thecal, thenal, tibial, timbal, tincal, tineal, tombal, tribal, trinal, tussal, tymbal, umbral, uncial, ungual, unreal, unseal, urinal, vandal, vassal, veinal, venial, verbal, vernal, versal, vestal, vineal, visual, vulval, wadmal, withal, xenial, zoonal

7-letter words

abaxial, abettal, abuttal, abysmal, abyssal, acaudal, accrual, accusal, actinal, adagial, adaxial, admiral, adnexal, adrenal, affinal, affixal, ammonal, anconal, anginal, apnoeal, apogeal, apsidal, apteral, arousal, arrayal, arrival, arsenal, asexual, asocial, augural, auroral, austral, basinal, bathyal, benthal, bestial, biaxial, bifocal, bimetal, bimodal, bipedal, bizonal, borstal, burghal, butyral, cambial, cameral, canthal, capital, caporal, caracal, carinal, censual, central, ceramal, chaetal, chasmal, chloral, chordal, choreal, chorial, clausal, cloacal, clypeal, coaeval, coastal, coaxial, coequal, comical, conceal, conchal, congeal, conical, cordial, corneal, cornual, coronal, coryzal, cotidal, cranial, creedal, crestal, crissal, crucial, crustal, cryptal, crystal, cubical, cubital, cynical, datival, decadal, decanal, decimal, decrial, deposal, devisal, dextral, digital, diurnal, domical, ectypal, edictal, eluvial, encinal, enteral, enthral, ephoral, epigeal, epochal, estival, estrual, eternal, ethical, exposal, exuvial, factual, fascial, faucial, federal, femoral, figural, finical, fluidal, fluvial, fractal, frontal, funeral, futural, gastral, geminal, general, genital, geoidal, glacial, glossal, glottal, gluteal, gnathal, gomeral, gonadal, gradual, gremial, helical, hematal, hernial, humeral, humoral, hymenal, hyoidal, illegal, immoral, incisal, incudal, initial, inthral, intimal, invital, ischial, jejunal, journal, juvenal, lacteal, lacunal, laminal, lanital, lateral, lexical, liberal, liminal, lingual, literal, litoral, lochial, loessal, logical, lumenal, luminal, lustral, lyrical, magical, marital, marshal, martial, matinal, maximal, mayoral, medical, medusal, metical, miasmal, mimical, mineral, minimal, misdeal, misdial, mistral, monadal, mucosal, musical, nadiral, narwhal, natural, neutral, nodical, nominal, nucleal, numeral, nuptial, nymphal, oatmeal, octaval, oedipal, omental, optical, optimal, orbital, ordinal, osmolal, ovarial, ovoidal, paginal, papyral, partial, paschal, pedocal, peroral, perusal, peytral, phaseal, phrasal, pivotal, pleural, pluvial, poundal, preanal, predial, premeal, puberal, quantal, quetzal, quintal, rachial, radical, recital, refusal, refutal, reginal, removal, renewal, reposal, retinal, retrial, revisal, revival, rorqual, rostral, ruderal, ruminal, sahiwal, scandal, scleral, scribal, scrotal, segetal, seismal, seminal, sensual, serosal, serumal, several, somital, sororal, spacial, spathal, spatial, special, spheral, sponsal, spousal, sternal, stibial, stigmal, stoical, stratal, stromal, subdual, subgoal, suboral, suboval, sudoral, sundial, surreal, sutural, synodal, syzygal, tactual, tapetal, tertial, tetanal, textual, thermal, timbral, tissual, topical, toxical, trivial, trochal, tumoral, typical, umbonal, uncinal, unequal, unideal, unmoral, unusual, unvocal, uredial, uxorial, vaginal, vatical, vegetal, ventral, vesical, vestral, vicinal, victual, viminal, virtual, wadmaal, zoarial, zooidal

8-letter words

abapical, abbatial, abnormal, abomasal, achenial, acromial, adumbral, aecidial, aestival, affixial, agential, agrestal, amphoral, anconeal, antennal, antheral, apologal, approval, aquarial, arbitral, arboreal, archival, argental, armorial, arrhizal, arterial, asternal, astragal, atomical, atypical, autumnal, axonemal, barbital, baronial, basidial, berascal, bestowal, betrayal, biannual, biblical, bicaudal, bidental, biennial, bifacial, bilabial, bimanual, bimensal, binaural, binomial, biocidal, biotical, biracial, biradial, bisexual, bonemeal, brachial, bracteal, breccial, caesural, cannibal, cantonal, capsidal, cardinal, carnival, carousal, cathodal, cerebral, cervical, charcoal, chemical, chiasmal, chrismal, clerical, cliental, climatal, clinical, clitoral, colonial, colossal, columnal, comitial, communal, confocal, conidial, conjugal, conoidal, cornmeal, corporal, corrival, cortical, cosmical, criminal, critical, crunodal, cuboidal, cultural, cuspidal, custumal, cyclical, cyclonal, decidual, decretal, deferral, defrayal, deicidal, deifical, demersal, demurral, dentinal, dentural, deprival, detrital, deverbal, diaconal, diagonal, diastral, dicrotal, dihedral, diluvial, dioptral, dipteral, disloyal, disposal, dividual, doctoral, duncical, duodenal, dyspneal, ecdysial, ecocidal, ecotonal, effigial, empyreal, endemial, entozoal, epidural, epifocal, episomal, erotical, eschewal, especial, espousal, ethereal, ethnical, eventual, exarchal, excretal, exequial, exergual, exordial, external, familial, farcical, festival, fiducial, filarial, fimbrial, fishmeal, flexural, forbidal, forestal, fornical, fucoidal, funereal, furfural, ganglial, geranial, germinal, gestical, gestural, gingival, gnomical, gonadial, gonidial, gunmetal, guttural, gyroidal, habitual, haematal, haptical, hectical, heliacal, heroical, hibernal, hormonal, hospital, hymeneal, hymenial, hypogeal, iatrical, iconical, illuvial, imaginal, immortal, imperial, inchmeal, indusial, inertial, infaunal, infernal, informal, infrugal, inguinal, inimical, integral, internal, interval, irenical, ironical, isogonal, judicial, kathodal, keloidal, khedival, lacrimal, lagoonal, laryngal, lipoidal, littoral, lixivial, locustal, loessial, lubrical, macrural, madrigal, maniacal, manorial, manurial, marginal, material, maternal, matronal, medieval, memorial, meniscal, mensural, metazoal, methylal, metrical, milligal, minutial, mistrial, monachal, monaural, monaxial, monomial, morainal, motional, mucoidal, mycelial, mystical, mythical, national, nauplial, nautical, neonatal, neuronal, neurosal, nonequal, nonfatal, nonfinal, nonfocal, nonideal, nonlegal, nonlocal, nonmetal, nonmodal, nonmoral, nonnaval, nonpapal, nonrival, nonroyal, nonrural, nontidal, nontonal, nonviral, nonvocal, notarial, notional, noumenal, novercal, nurtural, occlusal, octantal, official, oogonial, oothecal, optional, oriental, original, orinasal, orphical, outrival, overzeal, ovicidal, oviducal, parental, parfocal, parietal, pastoral, pastural, patagial, paternal, patronal, pectoral, pedestal, pelagial, pelletal, peridial, perigeal, perineal, peroneal, personal, petrosal, phratral, physical, piscinal, plastral, podagral, poetical, pollical, postanal, postoral, postural, praedial, prandial, preaxial, prebasal, precaval, prefixal, prelegal, premoral, prenatal, prepupal, prerenal, pretrial, primatal, primeval, procural, prodigal, proemial, proposal, prosomal, proviral, proximal, pubertal, pudendal, pulpital, punctual, puparial, pygidial, pyrexial, rasorial, rational, reburial, rebuttal, referral, regental, regional, remedial, remigial, remittal, reprisal, reproval, requital, residual, restoral, revenual, reversal, reviewal, rhonchal, rubrical, rustical, sagittal, scenical, sceptral, seasonal, sectoral, selfheal, septical, shogunal, shrieval, sidereal, silvical, siphonal, skeletal, societal, somedeal, sonantal, spectral, splenial, springal, staminal, statical, sterical, stomatal, subaxial, subdural, subnasal, subnodal, subtotal, subviral, subvocal, suffixal, suicidal, summital, supernal, supposal, surgical, surroyal, survival, syncopal, syndical, synovial, syzygial, tactical, teetotal, tegminal, temporal, tenurial, terminal, textural, thetical, thoracal, toroidal, tracheal, tragical, triaxial, tribunal, trifocal, trigonal, trilobal, trinodal, tripedal, tripodal, troopial, tropical, troupial, turbinal, turrical, tutorial, tympanal, unfilial, ungenial, uniaxial, unisonal, univocal, unlethal, unsexual, unsocial, upheaval, uprootal, ureteral, urethral, uropodal, vaccinal, varietal, venereal, vertical, vesperal, vestural, viatical, vicarial, virginal, visceral, visional, vizirial, vortical, warragal, warrigal, zenithal, zodiacal, zoogleal

9-letter words

abdominal, accentual, acquittal, acropetal, acrosomal, actuarial, adenoidal, adverbial, ambrosial, ancestral, anecdotal, angelical, antenatal, antidotal, antinodal, antipapal, antipodal, antiviral, appraisal, archducal, armigeral, arsenical, artisanal, ascetical, aspectual, atemporal, auctorial, authorial, autosomal, avifaunal, azimuthal, bacchanal, backpedal, bacterial, baptismal, baritonal, basipetal, betrothal, bicameral, bicipital, bicoastal, bigeminal, bilateral, bilingual, biosocial, blastemal, botanical, botulinal, branchial, bronchial, cacuminal, cadastral, cadential, canonical, cantorial, catarrhal, cathedral, celestial, censorial, cercarial, chaparral, choroidal, circuital, cisternal, cladodial, classical, claustral, cloistral, coccygeal, cochineal, coeternal, coitional, collegial, colloidal, colluvial, colostral, commensal, committal, conferral, conformal, congenial, connubial, continual, convivial, corporeal, creatural, cursorial, custodial, cycloidal, dandiacal, decennial, deistical, demential, demonical, denominal, diametral, diarrheal, dictional, disavowal, discoidal, dismissal, dispersal, dissocial, doctrinal, dominical, dropsical, druidical, dynamical, ecclesial, editorial, effectual, electoral, elegiacal, elemental, embryonal, emotional, empirical, endosteal, ephemeral, epidermal, epifaunal, episcopal, epitaxial, equivocal, eristical, erosional, erratical, essential, estuarial, ethmoidal, factional, factorial, fanatical, fatidical, fenestral, fictional, financial, fissional, fluxional, foraminal, forestial, fossorial, fraternal, genetical, genitival, genocidal, graphical, heretical, hexagonal, homicidal, horizonal, hypnoidal, identical, idiotical, illiberal, illogical, impartial, inaugural, indexical, isohyetal, isophotal, junctural, juridical, khedivial, lachrymal, laryngeal, lemniscal, libidinal, liposomal, lognormal, lysosomal, magistral, marmoreal, marsupial, matutinal, mediaeval, medicinal, meningeal, menstrual, mercurial, microbial, middorsal, miliarial, miticidal, monarchal, monodical, monsoonal, municipal, myoneural, myxoviral, nocturnal, nonanimal, noncasual, noncausal, noncoital, nonformal, nonlethal, nonlineal, nonmanual, nonmental, nonracial, nonsexual, nonsocial, nonverbal, nonvisual, numerical, occipital, octagonal, officinal, orificial, overpedal, oviductal, pansexual, paradisal, parochial, passional, penumbral, perennial, perinatal, perpetual, petechial, pictorial, piecemeal, piperonal, piratical, placental, polemical, political, polygonal, polytonal, popliteal, portrayal, postaxial, postcaval, postnatal, posttrial, potential, practical, prebendal, precocial, precoital, prefeudal, preputial, presidial, preverbal, primatial, principal, prodromal, protozoal, psychical, puerperal, pycnidial, pyramidal, pyridoxal, quizzical, raptorial, rearousal, rectorial, regicidal, rehearsal, reprieval, retrieval, revictual, rhizobial, rhizoidal, ribosomal, sartorial, satirical, sceptical, sciential, sectional, sectorial, segmental, semestral, semifinal, semimetal, semirural, semitonal, seneschal, sensorial, serotinal, sessional, sigmoidal, sinistral, skeptical, spherical, spiritual, squamosal, stapedial, stational, steroidal, stomodeal, subaerial, subapical, subdermal, sublethal, submittal, subnormal, subsocial, subvassal, subvisual, suctional, suctorial, superreal, surficial, surprisal, sympodial, synagogal, synclinal, syncytial, synodical, technical, tegmental, tensional, theriacal, thesaural, thyroidal, tonsorial, torsional, traversal, trichinal, triennial, trihedral, trinomial, triumphal, tuitional, umbilical, uncynical, unethical, unilineal, unisexual, universal, unlyrical, unmusical, unnatural, untypical, uredinial, vaccinial, vasovagal, vaticinal, vectorial, veridical, versional, vertebral, vestigial, vicennial, viceregal, vigesimal, viricidal, virucidal, vizierial, whimsical

10-letter words

abacterial, aboriginal, academical, acaricidal, accidental, acoustical, acrostical, additional, adenoviral, adhesional, adjectival, ambisexual, ambulacral, ammoniacal, anagogical, anarchical, anatomical, aneurysmal, anticlinal, antifungal, antimonial, antiphonal, antisexual, antisocial, apocryphal, apolitical, apophyseal, apothecial, archetypal, artificial, aspherical, assonantal, asteroidal, autarkical, behavioral, beneficial, bequeathal, bicultural, bilharzial, binational, bioethical, biological, biomedical, biparental, botryoidal, campestral, carnassial, catamenial, centennial, centesimal, ceremonial, cheliceral, chimerical, chlamydial, citational, cognominal, collateral, colloquial, colorectal, commercial, commonweal, conceptual, conchoidal, confederal, confrontal, congenital, connatural, consensual, contextual, conventual, covenantal, credential, curatorial, decemviral, decisional, delusional, demoniacal, dermatomal, desmosomal, devotional, diabolical, diaphyseal, diaphysial, didactical, disenthral, divisional, documental, dogmatical, duodecimal, ecological, economical, ectodermal, ecumenical, egoistical, electrical, elliptical, emulsoidal, encyclical, endodermal, enological, entodermal, epicardial, epicentral, epidemical, epididymal, epiglottal, epiphyseal, epiphysial, episodical, epitaphial, epithelial, epitomical, equational, equatorial, eremitical, esophageal, evidential, excisional, exegetical, exothermal, extemporal, extramural, fractional, fragmental, frictional, functional, fungicidal, geodetical, geological, geothermal, germicidal, glossarial, goldenseal, gonococcal, gonorrheal, gyrational, haustorial, hebdomadal, helicoidal, hemiacetal, hemihedral, heptagonal, herbicidal, hermetical, hierarchal, historical, holohedral, homocercal, homosexual, horizontal, hypabyssal, hypaethral, hypodermal, hysterical, ideational, idiolectal, illusional, immaterial, immemorial, impersonal, incidental, individual, industrial, influenzal, interlocal, intermodal, internodal, interrenal, intertidal, intertrial, interzonal, intestinal, intramural, intranasal, intravital, intrazonal, involucral, irrational, isochronal, isoglossal, isothermal, janitorial, jesuitical, judgmental, junctional, kilopascal, larvicidal, liturgical, locational, logistical, magnifical, managerial, margravial, matricidal, mechanical, megafaunal, menarcheal, menopausal, meridional, mesodermal, metacarpal, metatarsal, methodical, microsomal, microtonal, millennial, millesimal, miracidial, monarchial, monitorial, monoclonal, monopodial, monumental, multiaxial, multifocal, multimodal, mutational, myocardial, natatorial, negational, neoliberal, nephridial, neuroglial, nonaccrual, noncapital, noncentral, nonethical, nonfactual, nonfederal, nongenital, noninitial, nonlexical, nonliteral, nonlogical, nonmarital, nonmedical, nonmusical, nonnatural, nonoptimal, nonrenewal, nonspatial, nonthermal, nontrivial, nontypical, nosocomial, notational, nutational, occasional, occidental, octahedral, ommatidial, oratorical, orchestral, organismal, ornamental, orthogonal, outgeneral, overbrutal, paradisial, paranoidal, paranormal, parapodial, parasexual, parenteral, paroxysmal, parricidal, pathetical, patricidal, pedimental, pennyroyal, pentagonal, perceptual, perihelial, perikaryal, periodical, periosteal, peripheral, peritoneal, phantasmal, pharyngeal, phenomenal, pheromonal, photomural, phthisical, plastidial, polyclonal, polyhedral, polynomial, pontifical, positional, postcoital, praetorial, preethical, prefrontal, pregenital, prelogical, premarital, premedical, prenuptial, prepuberal, primordial, prismoidal, procambial, procedural, proctorial, pronominal, prosodical, prostomial, protonemal, prototypal, proverbial, provincial, prudential, quadrantal, quadrivial, quixotical, rabbinical, reciprocal, regimental, relational, retroviral, rhetorical, rhomboidal, rhythmical, rotational, rudimental, sabbatical, sacerdotal, sarcosomal, sclerotial, scriptural, sculptural, seignorial, semantical, semestrial, semiannual, semifeudal, semiformal, semilethal, semipostal, senatorial, sentential, septennial, septicidal, sepulchral, sequential, simoniacal, simplicial, sincipital, sinoatrial, sinusoidal, solenoidal, solstitial, spermatial, sphenoidal, spheroidal, sponsorial, sporangial, sporicidal, stomodaeal, structural, subcentral, subcrustal, subglacial, subliminal, sublingual, submaximal, subminimal, submucosal, suboptimal, suborbital, subtextual, suprarenal, supravital, symbolical, symphyseal, symphysial, synchronal, synoptical, tangential, televisual, tetragonal, theatrical, theistical, theurgical, thimerosal, thiopental, tinctorial, torrential, tractional, transeptal, transferal, treponemal, trigeminal, trilateral, trilingual, triliteral, trochoidal, tyrannical, ufological, unbiblical, uncritical, unicameral, unilateral, unilingual, unofficial, unoriginal, unpastoral, unpunctual, urogenital, urological, urticarial, vestmental, vocational, volitional, withdrawal, zoological

11-letter words

abiological, accessional, accessorial, adventitial, adversarial, advertorial, aeromedical, aeronomical, aesthetical, affectional, agitational, ahistorical, amobarbital, anecdotical, antenuptial, antheridial, anthropical, antiliberal, antilogical, antimusical, antinatural, antiradical, antitumoral, apartmental, apicultural, aptitudinal, archegonial, artifactual, ascensional, atheistical, attentional, attitudinal, attritional, audiovisual, autarchical, avocational, axiological, biochemical, biomaterial, biometrical, biophysical, bipyramidal, bisectional, bryological, caricatural, carpogonial, casuistical, cataclysmal, catechismal, categorical, centrifugal, centripetal, chancroidal, chromosomal, cicatricial, citronellal, clostridial, cognitional, collisional, commissural, condimental, conditional, conflictual, confusional, conjectural, consonantal, continental, contractual, coprincipal, coxcombical, cylindrical, cytological, deceptional, decremental, deferential, demiurgical, detrimental, diacritical, diametrical, dictatorial, diffusional, dimensional, diphtherial, diphthongal, directional, directorial, disapproval, disciplinal, educational, egomaniacal, egotistical, ellipsoidal, endocardial, endometrial, endothelial, enigmatical, enteroviral, epithetical, equilateral, equinoctial, erythrismal, ethological, etiological, eurythermal, evangelical, exceptional, excremental, executorial, existential, exoskeletal, expansional, exponential, extensional, fantastical, firmamental, fratricidal, fundamental, gemological, genotypical, geochemical, geometrical, geophysical, gestational, gradational, grammatical, hexadecimal, hippocampal, homiletical, homological, horological, hypersexual, hypocentral, hypoglossal, hypophyseal, hypophysial, hypothermal, icosahedral, ideological, impolitical, impractical, incorporeal, incremental, ineffectual, inessential, inferential, infinitival, influential, infomercial, insertional, instinctual, intensional, intentional, interannual, intercensal, intercostal, interdental, interfacial, interracial, intersexual, intertribal, intradermal, intrathecal, intrinsical, intuitional, inventorial, ipsilateral, judgmatical, kinematical, labiodental, lactational, latitudinal, leishmanial, leptospiral, leukorrheal, librational, lineamental, loculicidal, lumbosacral, magisterial, matriarchal, matrilineal, matrimonial, mediastinal, mediational, medicolegal, mesenchymal, mesothelial, metaethical, meteoroidal, metonymical, micrococcal, microfaunal, microfloral, midsagittal, migrational, ministerial, monarchical, monochasial, monocrystal, monolingual, multicausal, multinomial, multiracial, mycological, mycoplasmal, mycorrhizal, narrational, nematicidal, nematocidal, neocolonial, neocortical, neurilemmal, nomological, nonchemical, nonclerical, nonclinical, noncriminal, noncritical, noncultural, noncyclical, nonfamilial, nonhormonal, nonhospital, nonintegral, nonjudicial, nonmaterial, nonmetrical, nonmystical, nonnational, nonofficial, nonpersonal, nonphysical, nonrational, nonseasonal, nonsensical, nonskeletal, nonsurgical, nontemporal, nonterminal, nontropical, nosological, notochordal, nucleosomal, nutritional, obsessional, obstetrical, oecumenical, oncological, ontological, operational, orthonormal, overarousal, overliteral, panegyrical, pantropical, paradisical, paradoxical, paramedical, parasitical, parenchymal, participial, patriarchal, patrilineal, patrimonial, patristical, pedagogical, pedological, penitential, penological, pentahedral, pericardial, pericranial, periodontal, peristomial, perithecial, peroxisomal, pharisaical, piscatorial, planetoidal, polycrystal, pomological, postcranial, postglacial, postmarital, postnuptial, postorbital, pragmatical, prebiblical, preclinical, precolonial, precritical, predoctoral, prefectural, prejudicial, premedieval, preprandial, prepubertal, preterminal, previsional, probational, promotional, prophetical, protectoral, provisional, pseudopodal, purgatorial, puritanical, pyramidical, quadrennial, quadrupedal, quincuncial, quincunxial, radiational, reappraisal, recessional, recommittal, redactional, reductional, referential, reportorial, residential, reverential, reversional, rhapsodical, rheological, rickettsial, sacramental, sacrificial, sarcolemmal, scarlatinal, secretarial, seigneurial, semidiurnal, seminatural, sempiternal, sensational, sentimental, serological, sexagesimal, sinological, situational, sociosexual, sodomitical, sophistical, spermicidal, spirochetal, statistical, strategical, subclinical, subcortical, subcritical, subcultural, subinterval, sublittoral, submarginal, subnational, subrational, subregional, substantial, subterminal, subtropical, summational, superficial, supernormal, symmetrical, synonymical, syntactical, terrestrial, territorial, testimonial, tetrahedral, theological, theoretical, therewithal, thrasonical, toploftical, topological, toponymical, traditional, transdermal, transmittal, transsexual, transversal, trapezoidal, trichomonal, typological, ultracasual, uncanonical, unclassical, uncongenial, unemotional, unempirical, unequivocal, unessential, uniparental, unpolitical, unpractical, unspiritual, untechnical, variational, vibrational, virological, wherewithal

12-letter words

aberrational, adaptational, adjustmental, aeronautical, agrichemical, agricultural, agrochemical, annexational, anthological, anticlerical, anticolonial, anticultural, antinational, antirational, antithetical, apparitional, appositional, aquacultural, archesporial, archetypical, arithmetical, aspirational, astrological, astronomical, asymmetrical, atheoretical, audiological, autocratical, bactericidal, bibliothecal, bicentennial, bifunctional, bimillennial, biographical, biotechnical, catechetical, coincidental, commissarial, complemental, complexional, componential, conceptional, concessional, conductorial, conferential, confessional, confidential, conjunctival, connectional, consistorial, contrapuntal, convectional, conventional, conversional, correctional, cosmogonical, cosmological, craniofacial, craniosacral, cryosurgical, cryptococcal, cybernetical, cytochemical, cytoskeletal, declensional, definitional, departmental, depositional, derivational, diagnostical, differential, difunctional, digressional, dilatational, distortional, dodecahedral, dorsiventral, dorsolateral, dorsoventral, emblematical, endochondral, endoskeletal, endotracheal, enterococcal, enterostomal, epexegetical, epicycloidal, epigraphical, ethnological, etymological, excavational, exorcistical, expediential, experiential, experimental, expositional, expressional, extracranial, extramarital, extramusical, extratextual, foundational, generational, geobotanical, geographical, geopolitical, geosynclinal, geotechnical, gladiatorial, governmental, hagiological, hemorrhoidal, heroicomical, heterocercal, heterosexual, hexobarbital, hierarchical, histological, hydrological, hydrothermal, hyperarousal, hyperbolical, hypertypical, hypocritical, hypothetical, iconological, imbibitional, immethodical, imperatorial, indicational, infanticidal, inflectional, innovational, insecticidal, instrumental, intellectual, intercoastal, interfluvial, interglacial, internuncial, interorbital, interpluvial, interstadial, interstitial, intonational, intracardial, intracranial, invitational, invocational, involutional, irrotational, karyological, levitational, limitational, limnological, linguistical, lithological, longitudinal, managemental, mathematical, maturational, metaphorical, metaphysical, metathetical, meteoritical, metrological, metronomical, microcrystal, misappraisal, monocultural, monomaniacal, monsignorial, motivational, motoneuronal, multilateral, multilingual, museological, mythological, navigational, necrological, neoclassical, neurohumoral, neurological, nonbacterial, nonclassical, noncommittal, noncustodial, noneditorial, nonemotional, nonempirical, nonessential, nonfictional, nonfinancial, nonidentical, nonmercurial, nonmicrobial, nonmunicipal, nonnumerical, nonpolitical, nonpractical, nonspherical, nonsteroidal, nontechnical, nonuniversal, occupational, oligarchical, oppositional, orographical, osteological, overcritical, paraboloidal, paradisaical, paradisiacal, paratactical, pathological, perceptional, perichondral, perorational, perspectival, pestilential, petrological, phenological, phenotypical, philological, phonological, phycological, planetesimal, platitudinal, pneumococcal, populational, possessional, postbiblical, postcolonial, postdoctoral, posthospital, postimperial, postmedieval, postneonatal, postprandial, postsurgical, postvaccinal, precentorial, preceptorial, precessional, preferential, preinaugural, premenstrual, prerehearsal, presbyterial, presidential, procathedral, processional, productional, professional, professorial, projectional, proportional, protonematal, prototypical, providential, pseudopodial, psychosexual, psychosocial, pyromaniacal, quarterfinal, quinquennial, radiological, recreational, reflectional, repetitional, reputational, retinotectal, rhombohedral, saccharoidal, scatological, schismatical, schistosomal, secobarbital, semiarboreal, semicolonial, semimystical, semiofficial, semiological, semitropical, sericultural, sociological, speciational, spectatorial, spermatozoal, stenothermal, sternocostal, subeditorial, subepidermal, subprincipal, substantival, successional, superhelical, supernatural, superspecial, supplemental, supraorbital, synaptosomal, synchronical, tautological, teleological, theocratical, theosophical, timocratical, tragicomical, transitional, transnatural, tribological, triglyphical, triphthongal, trochanteral, tropological, ultraradical, uncommercial, unecological, uneconomical, unhistorical, unhysterical, unrhetorical, unscriptural, urinogenital, vegetational, ventromedial, visitatorial, viticultural, zootechnical

13-letter words

abstractional, acquisitional, aerodynamical, aggregational, ambassadorial, antibacterial, anticlassical, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antipolitical, aphrodisiacal, arbitrational, archidiaconal, architectural, associational, astronautical, astrophysical, attributional, autecological, bathymetrical, biconditional, bidirectional, bioelectrical, biomechanical, cacographical, cardiological, cerebrospinal, chemosurgical, chronological, codicological, coeducational, cohomological, collocational, combinational, combinatorial, compartmental, compositional, compressional, computational, congressional, conjugational, conjunctional, connotational, consequential, contractional, controversial, convocational, coresidential, correlational, cosmochemical, cryptological, cytogenetical, declinational, deformational, demographical, demonological, dendrological, deontological, determinantal, developmental, dipsomaniacal, dispositional, dramaturgical, dysfunctional, electrodermal, embryological, entomological, environmental, epiphenomenal, equipotential, examinational, exobiological, expectational, explorational, expurgatorial, exterritorial, extrajudicial, floricultural, fluctuational, foraminiferal, futurological, gastronomical, glaciological, grandparental, graphological, gravitational, gubernatorial, gynecological, hematological, hemispherical, hermeneutical, histochemical, horticultural, hyperboloidal, hypercritical, hypermetrical, hyperphysical, hyperrational, ichthyofaunal, immigrational, immunological, incantational, inclinational, infinitesimal, informational, inquisitional, inquisitorial, inscriptional, inspirational, institutional, instructional, insubstantial, interactional, intercolonial, intercommunal, intercortical, intercultural, interfamilial, intermarginal, international, interneuronal, interpersonal, interproximal, interregional, intersocietal, interterminal, intertropical, intracerebral, intrapersonal, lackadaisical, legislatorial, magistratical, maxillofacial, meningococcal, metacercarial, metafictional, microcultural, microfilarial, microphysical, microscopical, microsurgical, mitochondrial, molluscicidal, monophthongal, morphological, multicultural, multihospital, multinational, multiregional, multispectral, multiterminal, musicological, mycobacterial, myoelectrical, mythopoetical, nematological, neurochemical, neurohormonal, neurosurgical, nomenclatural, nonbehavioral, nonbiological, noncommercial, nonconceptual, nonconsensual, nonelectrical, nonfunctional, nongonococcal, nonhistorical, nonhomosexual, nonhysterical, nonindividual, nonindustrial, nonjudgmental, nonmanagerial, nonmechanical, nonreciprocal, nonsequential, nonstructural, nontheatrical, nonvocational, numerological, observational, ochlocratical, orientational, orismological, oropharyngeal, oscillational, overemotional, ovipositional, pantheistical, parasiticidal, parenthetical, pentobarbital, permutational, petrochemical, pharmacopeial, phenobarbital, philosophical, photochemical, phrenological, physiological, phytochemical, polyribosomal, postclassical, postembryonal, postinaugural, postulational, praxeological, prebiological, prehistorical, preindustrial, premenopausal, premillennial, prepositional, preternatural, prevocational, problematical, proctological, procuratorial, progressional, propositional, proprietorial, prosecutorial, psephological, psychological, pyrotechnical, quadrilateral, radiochemical, rarefactional, reformational, seismological, selenological, semiclassical, semiempirical, semipolitical, sensorineural, septentrional, silvicultural, sociocultural, somatological, speleological, stereological, stereotypical, streptococcal, substructural, supercolossal, supercriminal, supercritical, supernational, superpersonal, superphysical, superregional, suppositional, supranational, suprarational, synarthrodial, synecdochical, synecological, technological, temperamental, teratological, tercentennial, terminational, tetartohedral, topographical, toxicological, transactional, transcultural, transfusional, translational, transnational, transpersonal, tritheistical, typographical, ultracritical, ultraphysical, ultrarational, unconditional, unexceptional, ungrammatical, unideological, unintentional, unsensational, unsentimental, unsubstantial, unsymmetrical, untheoretical, untraditional, ventriloquial, ventrolateral, vivisectional, xylographical

14-letter words

adrenocortical, aerobiological, anagrammatical, anticommercial, antihistorical, antihomosexual, arboricultural, archaeological, archiepiscopal, axisymmetrical, bibliomaniacal, biogeochemical, biostatistical, cartographical, catachrestical, chirographical, chronometrical, circumstantial, civilizational, climatological, commonsensical, compensational, condensational, confirmational, conformational, congregational, conservational, conservatorial, consociational, conspirational, conspiratorial, constitutional, constructional, consubstantial, conversational, cosmographical, counterfactual, craniocerebral, criminological, cryobiological, denominational, dermatological, diagrammatical, discographical, dispensational, dissertational, distributional, ecclesiastical, electrothermal, epicontinental, eschatological, ethnobotanical, ethnographical, eugeosynclinal, extracorporeal, extrapyramidal, gastroduodenal, gerontological, hagiographical, herpetological, hieroglyphical, hydrocolloidal, hydrodynamical, hyperemotional, hypocoristical, ichthyological, iconographical, illustrational, immunochemical, insurrectional, intelligential, intercessional, interferential, interjectional, intermenstrual, interparochial, intersectional, intersegmental, intervertebral, jurisdictional, lichenological, meteorological, methodological, microspherical, monotheistical, multifactorial, multipotential, myrmecological, narratological, nasopharyngeal, nomenclatorial, nonchromosomal, noncontractual, nondimensional, nondirectional, noneducational, nonexistential, nongeometrical, nongrammatical, nonideological, nonoperational, nonresidential, nonsensational, nonstatistical, nonsymmetrical, nontheological, nontheoretical, nontraditional, nymphomaniacal, organizational, ornithological, orthographical, perturbational, petrographical, pharmaceutical, pharmacopoeial, phraseological, physiognomical, planetological, polytheistical, posterolateral, postindustrial, postmenopausal, postmillennial, postpositional, preconsonantal, preoperational, presentational, presentimental, primatological, progestational, prothonotarial, psychochemical, psychophysical, psychosurgical, pteridological, quincentennial, quintessential, reminiscential, resurrectional, semasiological, semicentennial, semicommercial, sociopolitical, soteriological, spatiotemporal, spermatogonial, staphylococcal, stereochemical, subarachnoidal, subcontinental, substitutional, suprasegmental, terminological, thanatological, thermochemical, transcendental, transductional, transferential, transplacental, tridimensional, ultrapractical, unconventional, unidimensional, unidirectional, unintellectual, unprofessional, vexillological, volcanological

15-letter words

accommodational, acculturational, amphitheatrical, anthropological, anticlimactical, antieducational, antimonarchical, antisentimental, antitheoretical, antitraditional, bacteriological, bibliographical, biogeographical, biomathematical, circumferential, communicational, configurational, confrontational, corynebacterial, countercultural, countercyclical, counterproposal, demonstrational, disproportional, documentational, ecclesiological, electrochemical, electrosurgical, enterobacterial, entrepreneurial, epidemiological, epistemological, ethnohistorical, hydrobiological, hydromechanical, hyperfunctional, hypochondriacal, improvisational, improvisatorial, inconsequential, interbehavioral, interdivisional, interindividual, interparoxysmal, interperceptual, interprovincial, interrogational, intraperitoneal, intrapreneurial, introspectional, investigational, jurisprudential, juxtapositional, lexicographical, macrostructural, mechanochemical, microanatomical, microbiological, microstructural, miscegenational, multidivisional, multifunctional, multimillennial, musculoskeletal, neuroanatomical, neurobiological, nonagricultural, nonastronomical, nonbiographical, nonconfidential, nonconventional, nondepartmental, nonexperimental, nongovernmental, nonhierarchical, noninflectional, noninsecticidal, noninstrumental, nonintellectual, nonmathematical, nonmetaphorical, nonoccupational, nonprofessional, nonprofessorial, oceanographical, omnidirectional, orchestrational, organomercurial, pantisocratical, parasitological, participational, pharmacological, philanthropical, photobiological, photogeological, photomechanical, physicochemical, physiographical, postconsonantal, preagricultural, prepresidential, preprofessional, pronunciational, radiobiological, recombinational, retroperitoneal, semicylindrical, semiterrestrial, sociobiological, sociohistorical, subprofessional, superindividual, superstructural, thermodynamical, transcriptional, transhistorical, transpirational, transpositional, transubstantial, trichomonacidal, trigonometrical, ultracommercial, ultrastructural, unchronological, uncontroversial, zoogeographical

16-letter words

adenohypophyseal, adenohypophysial, anticonventional, antihierarchical, antimetaphysical, autobiographical, biotechnological, chordamesodermal, chronobiological, deuterocanonical, discriminational, ecophysiological, endocrinological, epizootiological, extrachromosomal, extraterrestrial, extraterritorial, gastroesophageal, gastrointestinal, geochronological, geomorphological, glossopharyngeal, interchromosomal, intercontinental, intergradational, interministerial, interpretational, interterritorial, intertestamental, metamathematical, multidimensional, multidirectional, neurohypophyseal, neurohypophysial, nonchronological, noncontroversial, nondisjunctional, nongravitational, noninstitutional, noninstructional, nonphilosophical, nonpsychological, oligodendroglial, paraprofessional, phantasmagorical, phenomenological, postdepositional, postexperimental, postpresidential, presuppositional, pretechnological, prosopographical, psychobiological, psychohistorical, quadricentennial, quantificational, redistributional, reorganizational, representational, roentgenological, sedimentological, semigovernmental, semiprofessional, sesquicentennial, submitochondrial, supersubstantial, tracheobronchial, transcontinental, transformational, transportational, ultracentrifugal, ultraparadoxical, unconstitutional, undenominational

17-letter words

antitechnological, biometeorological, characterological, countercommercial, electromechanical, histopathological, historiographical, hyperintellectual, interdepartmental, intergenerational, intergovernmental, interpopulational, interprofessional, metapsychological, multigenerational, neuropathological, neuroradiological, nonconstitutional, nondenominational, nonecclesiastical, otolaryngological, parapsychological, pharmacognostical, phytogeographical, phytopathological, phytosociological, posttranslational, superintellectual, symptomatological, ultraprofessional

18-letter words

countereducational, ethnomusicological, histophysiological, immunocytochemical, immunopathological, interinstitutional, lepidopterological, microenvironmental, micromorphological, neurophysiological, neuropsychological, nonanthropological, nonconfrontational, pathophysiological, physiopathological, psychobiographical, psychopathological, sociopsychological, ultramicroscopical

19-letter words

clinicopathological, dendrochronological, gastroenterological, glottochronological, hydrometeorological, immunohematological, immunohistochemical, interdenominational, interjurisdictional, interorganizational, micrometeorological, nonrepresentational, posttranscriptional, psychophysiological, radiopharmaceutical, reticuloendothelial

20-letter words

electrophysiological, neuropharmacological, semiautobiographical, spectrophotometrical

21-letter words

neuroendocrinological, psychopharmacological

22-letter words

otorhinolaryngological