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Dictionary:

ground¹

(ground)

1. The solid surface of the earth.
2. The floor of a body of water, especially the sea.
Soil; earth: level the ground for a lawn.
An area of land designated for a particular purpose. Often used in the plural: a burial ground; parade grounds.
The land surrounding or forming part of a house or another building. Often used in the plural: a guesthouse on the grounds of the mansion.
An area or a position that is contested in or as if in battle: The soldiers held their ground against the enemy. Character witnesses helped the defendant stand her ground in the trial.
Something that serves as a foundation or means of attachment for something else: a ground of white paint under the mural.
A surrounding area; a background.
The foundation for an argument, a belief, or an action; a basis. Often used in the plural.
The underlying condition prompting an action; a cause. Often used in the plural: grounds for suspicion; a ground for divorce. See synonyms at base¹.
An area of reference or discussion; a subject: The professor covered new ground in every lecture.
grounds The sediment at or from the bottom of a liquid: coffee grounds.
Electricity.
1. A large conducting body, such as the earth or an electric circuit connected to the earth, used as an arbitrary zero of potential.
2. A conducting object, such as a wire, that is connected to such a position of zero potential.

v., ground·ed, ground·ing, grounds.

v.tr.

To place on or cause to touch the ground.
To provide a basis for (a theory, for example); justify.
To supply with basic information; instruct in fundamentals.
1. To prevent (an aircraft or a pilot) from flying.
2. Informal. To restrict (someone) especially to a certain place as a punishment.
Electricity. To connect (an electric circuit) to a ground.
Nautical. To run (a vessel) aground.
1. Baseball. To hit (a ball) onto the ground.
2. Football. To throw (a ball) to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage.

v.intr.

To touch or reach the ground.
Baseball. To hit a ground ball: grounded to the second baseman.
Nautical. To run aground.

phrasal verb:

ground out Baseball.

To be put out by hitting a ground ball that is fielded and thrown to first base.

idioms:

drive (or run) into the ground

To belabor (an issue or a subject).

from the ground up

From the most basic level to the highest level; completely: designed the house from the ground up; learned the family business from the ground up.

off the ground

Under way, as if in flight: Because of legal difficulties, the construction project never got off the ground.

on (one's) own ground

In a situation where one has knowledge or competence: a sculptor back on her own ground after experiments with painting.

on the ground

At a place that is exciting, interesting, or important.

to ground

Into a den or burrow: a fox going to ground.
Into hiding.

[Middle English, from Old English grund.]

ground² (ground) pronunciation

Past tense and past participle of grind.

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Library

Computer Desktop Encyclopedia: ground

An electrically conductive body, such as the earth, which maintains a zero potential (not positively or negatively charged) for connecting to an electrical circuit.

Thesaurus: ground

noun

The lowest or supporting part or structure: base¹, basis, bed, bottom, foot, footing, foundation, fundament, groundwork, seat, substratum, underpinning (often used in plural). See over/under.
That on which something immaterial, such as an argument or a charge, rests. base¹, basis, footing, foundation, fundament, groundwork, underpinning (often used in plural). See over/under.
A basis for an action or a decision. cause, motivation, motive, reason, spring. See start/end.
A fact or circumstance that gives logical support to an assertion, claim, or proposal. argument, proof, reason, wherefore, why. Idioms: why and wherefore. See reason/unreason.
That which provides a reason or justification. call, cause, justification, necessity, occasion, reason, wherefore, why. Idioms: why and wherefore. See start/end.

verb

To cause to fall, as from a shot or blow: bring down, cut down, down, drop, fell¹, flatten, floor, knock down, level, prostrate, strike down, throw. Slang deck¹. Idioms: lay low. See rise/fall.
To provide a basis for: base¹, build, establish, found, predicate, rest¹, root¹, underpin. See over/under.

Antonyms: ground

Definition: base
Antonyms: top

n

Definition: earth, land
Antonyms: heavens, sky

v

Definition: restrict; drop in place
Antonyms: free, launch, let go, liberate

Music Encyclopedia: Ground

A melody, usually in the bass (and often called ‘ground bass’, in Italian basso ostinato), recurring many times, with continuous variation in the upper parts. ‘Ground’ may refer to the bass melody itself, to the musical scheme including the harmonies and upper voices, to the process of repetition, or to the composition. It was first used in England in the late 16th century and frequently in the Baroque period, sometimes associated with improvisation. The term has been applied more broadly, including to the recurrence of an essentially harmonic progression even without a recurring bass-line. Byrd was among the first to use the term as a title. Christopher Simpson gave instructions in The Division-Viol, or the Art of Playing Extempore upon a Ground (1659); the English master of the ground was Purcell, who used the form freely and extensively in vocal as well as instrumental music, varying the harmony with great skill and breaking down the uniformity of phrase structure by devising melodic lines that overlapped the breaks.

Ground bass patterns are found in many of the standard Italian and Spanish dance patterns of the Renaissance and Baroque eras: traditional grounds such as the Ruggiero, the romanesca and the folia were used for variations and for songs. The passacaglia and chaconne were based on grounds but with the formulae conceived rather as bass melodies than as harmonic progressions; sometimes the ground bass was treated strictly (especially in vocal music of the period 1625-50), but later composers tended to transpose the ground (often into the dominant or the minor mode) to facilitate variety. In the chaconnes of Lully and Rameau the ground is very freely treated, and in late chaconnes (for example those by Gluck and Mozart) any ground-bass element is at best vestigial. Later composers to use ground basses include Beethoven (32 Variations in C minor for piano), Brahms (Symphony no.4, finale), Stravinsky (Symphony of Psalms, finale: here the ground is of four minims/halfnotes, in 3/2 rhythm, so that it constantly shifts its position in the bar), Britten (in Act 2 of Peter Grimes) and Riegger (Symphony no.3, fourth movement).

Architecture: ground

1. A nailing strip fixed in a masonry or concrete wall as a means of attaching wood trim or furring strips; also called a common ground, rough ground, fixing, fixing fillet, fixing slip.
2. A plaster ground.
3. The side of an electric circuit connected to the earth, used as a common return.

ground, 2

Electronics Dictionary: ground

An intentional or accidental conducting path between an electrical system or circuit and the earth or some conducting body acting in place of the earth. A ground is often used as the common wiring point or reference in a circuit.

Word Tutor: ground

IN BRIEF: The surface of the earth.

He who slings mud generally loses ground. — Adlai Stevenson, (1900-1965), American statesman.

Wikipedia: ground (electricity)

In electrical engineering, the term ground or earth has several meanings depending on the specific application areas. Ground is the reference point in an electrical circuit from which other voltages are measured, a common return path for electrical current (earth return or ground return), or a direct physical connection to the Earth.

Fig. 1: A metal stake earth connection (left of gray conduit) at a home in Australia. Note the green and yellow marked earth wire.

Electrical circuits may be connected to ground (earth) for several reasons. In power circuits, a connection to ground is done for safety purposes to protect people from the effects of faulty insulation on electrically powered equipment. A connection to ground helps limit the voltage built up between power circuits and the earth, protecting circuit insulation from damage due to excessive voltage. Connections to ground may be used to limit the build-up of static electricity when handling flammable products or when repairing electronic devices. In some types of telegraph and power transmission circuits, the earth itself can be used as one conductor of the circuit, saving the cost of installing a separate run of wire as a return conductor. For measurement purposes, the Earth serves as a (reasonably) constant potential reference against which other potentials can be measured. An electrical ground system should have an appropriate current-carrying capability in order to serve as an adequate zero-voltage reference level.

The use of the term ground (or earth) is so common in electrical and electronics applications that circuits in vehicles such as ships, aircraft, and spacecraft may be spoken of having a "ground" connection without any real connection to the Earth.

History

Long-distance electromagnetic telegraph systems from 1820 onwards used two or more wires to carry the signal and return currents. It was then discovered, probably by the German scientist Carl August Steinheil in 1836-1837 [1], that the ground could be used as the return path to complete the circuit, making the return wire unnecessary. However, there were problems with this system, exemplified by the transcontinental telegraph line constructed in 1861 by the Western Union Company between Saint Joseph, Missouri, and Sacramento, California. During dry weather, the ground connection often developed a high resistance, requiring water to be poured on the ground rod to enable the telegraph to work or phones to ring.

Later, when telephony began to replace telegraphy, it was found that the currents in the earth induced by power systems, electrical railways, other telephone and telegraph circuits, and natural sources including lightning caused unacceptable interference to the audio signals, and the two-wire system was reintroduced.

Radio communications

An electrical connection to earth can be used as a reference potential for radio frequency signals for certain kinds of antennas. The part directly in contact with the earth (the earth electrode) can be as simple as a metal rod or stake driven into the earth (Fig. 1), or a connection to buried metal water piping (though this carries the risk of the water pipe being later replaced with plastic). Because high frequency signals can flow to earth through capacitance, capacitance to ground is an important factor in effectiveness of signal grounds. Because of this a complex system of buried rods and wires can be effective. An ideal signal ground maintains zero voltage regardless of how much electrical current flows into ground or out of ground. The resistance at the signal frequency of the electrode-to-earth connection determines its quality, and that quality is improved by increasing the surface area of the electrode in contact with the earth, increasing the depth to which it is driven, using several connected ground rods, increasing the moisture of the soil, improving the conductive mineral content of the soil, and increasing the land area covered by the ground system.

Some types of transmitting antenna systems in the VLF, LF, MF and lower SW range depend on a good ground to operate efficiently. For example, a vertical monopole antenna requires a ground plane that often consists of an interconnected network of wires running radially away from the base of the antenna for a distance about equal to the height of the antenna. Sometimes such a ground plane is supported above ground to reduce losses.

AC power wiring installations

In a mains electricity (AC power) wiring installation, the ground is a wire with an electrical connection to earth. By connecting the cases of electrical equipment to earth, any insulation failure will result in current flowing to ground that would otherwise energize the case of the equipment. A proper bonding to earth will result in the circuit overcurrent protection operating to de-energize the faulty circuit. By bonding (interconnecting) all exposed non-current carrying metal objects together, any fault currents in the system will not produce dangerous voltages which could cause electric shock.

The power ground grounding wire is (directly or indirectly) connected to one or more earth electrodes. These may be located locally, be far away in the suppliers network or in many cases both. This grounding wire is usually but not always connected to the neutral wire at some point and they may even share a cable for part of the system under some conditions. The ground wire is also usually bonded to pipework to keep it at the same potential as the electrical ground during a fault. Water supply pipes often used to be used as ground electrodes but this was banned in some countries when plastic pipe such as PVC became popular. This type of ground applies to radio antennas and to lightning protection systems.

A power ground serves to provide a return path for fault currents and therefore allows the fuse or breaker to disconnect the circuit. The power ground is also often bonded to the house's incoming pipework, and pipes and cables entering the bathroom are sometimes cross-bonded. This is done to try to reduce the voltage between objects that can be touched simultaneously. Filters also connect to the power ground, but this is mainly to stop the power ground carrying noise into the systems which the filters protect, rather than as a direct use of the power ground.

Permanently installed electrical equipment usually also has permanently connnected grounding conductors. Portable electrical devices with metal cases may have them connected to earth ground by a pin in the interconnecting plug. (see Domestic AC power plugs and sockets; Earth/Ground. The size of power ground conductors is usually regulated by local or national wiring regulations.

Power transmission

Some HVDC power transmission systems use the ground as second conductor. This is especially common in schemes with submarine cables as sea water is a good conductor. Buried grounding electrodes are used to make the connection to the earth. The site of these electrodes must be chosen very carefully in order to prevent electrochemical corrosion on underground structures.

In Single Wire Earth Return (SWER) AC electrical distribution systems, costs are saved by using just a single high voltage conductor for the power grid, while routing the AC return current through the earth. This system is mostly used in rural areas where large earth currents will not otherwise cause hazards.

A particular concern in design of electrical substations is earth potential rise. When very large fault currents are injected into the earth, the area around the point of injection may rise to a high potential with respect to distant points. This is due to the limited finite conductivity of the layers of soil in the earth. The gradient of the voltage (changing voltage within a distance) may be so high that two points on the ground may be at significantly different potentials, creating a hazard to anyone standing on the ground in the area. Pipes, rails, or communication wires entering a substation may see different ground potentials inside and outside the substation, creating a dangerous touch voltage.

Electronics


Signal ground		Chassis ground		Earth ground

Ground symbols

Signal grounds serve as return paths for signals and power at low voltages (less than about 50V) within equipment, and on the signal interconnections between equipment. Many electronic designs feature a single return that acts as a reference for all signals. Power and signal grounds often get connected together, usually through the metal case of the equipment.

Circuit ground versus earth

Voltage is a differential quantity, which appears between two points having some electrical potentials. To measure the voltage of a single point, a reference point must be selected to measure against. This common reference point is called ground and considered to have zero voltage. This signal ground may or may not actually be connected to a power ground. A system where the system ground is not actually connected to another circuit or to earth (though there may still be AC coupling) is often referred to as a floating ground.

Separating low signal ground from a noisy ground

In television stations, recording studios, and other installations where sound quality is critical, a special signal ground known as a "technical ground" (or "technical earth") is often installed. This is basically the same thing as an AC power ground, but no appliance ground wires are allowed any connection to it, as they may carry electrical interference. In most cases, the studio's metal equipment racks are all joined together with heavy copper cables (or flattened copper tubing or busbars) and similar connections are made to the technical ground. Great care has to be taken that nobody places any AC-grounded appliances (heaters etc) on the racks, as a single AC ground connection to the technical ground will destroy its effectiveness. For particularly demanding applications, the main technical ground may consist of a heavy copper pipe, if necessary fitted by drilling through several concrete floors, so they can all be connected by the shortest possible path to a grounding rod in the basement. With the recent proliferation of digital studios with massive audio channel capacity (up to 512 channels), the installation of high-quality audio grounding has become mandatory, as any ground-introduced interference tends to be cumulative. Noise levels that were perfectly satisfactory for old 24-channel studios may become intolerable with ten or twenty times that number.

Electrical shielding

A Faraday cage serves as an example of electrical shielding. Any excess charges deposited on the inner surface of a Faraday cage will migrate to the outer surface of the cage, where they can produce no electric fields within the enclosure. For this reason, the inside surface of a Faraday cage behaves like an infinite sink for electrical charge from the perspective of objects within. Even if the Faraday cage itself is not connected to the Earth, the inner surface of the cage can be used in place of an earth connection.

The shielding effect occurs regardless of whether the circuit is connected to the shield. If the circuit is not connected, however, parts of the circuit can capacitively couple to the shield and crosstalk into each other. Grounding the shield means that the circuit components will capacitively couple to ground instead, which is more manageable.

Lightning protection

Lightning protection is a very specialised form of grounding used in an attempt to divert the huge currents from lightning strikes. A ground conductor on a lightning protection system is used to dissipate the strike into the earth. Lightning ground conductors must carry heavy currents for a short period of time. To limit inductance and the resulting voltage due to the fast pulse nature of lightning currents, lightning ground conductors may be wide flat strips of metal, usually run as directly as possible to electrodes in contact with the earth.

In overhead transmission lines, a ground conductor may also be the top most wire on pylons, poles, or towers. This ground conductor is intended to protect the power conductors from lightning strikes. These conductors are connected to earth either through the metal structure of a pole or tower, or by additional ground electrodes installed at regular intervals along the line. As a general rule, overhead power lines with voltages below 50 kV do not have a ground conductor, but most lines carrying more than 50kV do. Depending on local conditions and reliability requirements, an over head transmission line may have two overhead ground conductors. In such cases the pylons are either equipped with an additional crossbeam above the conductors, with two tops in form of a letter "V" or the ground conductors are mounted on the top of the topmost crossbeam. In some parts of the world, the ground conductor cable is used to support fibreoptic cables for data transmission ( see OPGW).

Busbars may be needed in situations requiring adequate ground conductors.

Earthing system

Main article: earthing system

In electricity supply systems, an earthing system defines the electrical potential of the conductors relative to that of the Earth's conductive surface. The choice of earthing system has implications for the safety and electromagnetic compatibility of the power supply. Note that regulations for earthing (grounding) systems vary considerably between different countries.

A functional earth connection serves a purpose other than providing protection against electrical shock. In contrast to a protective earth connection, a functional earth connection may carry a current during the normal operation of a device. Functional earth connections may be required by devices such as surge suppression and electromagnetic-compatibility filters, some types of antennas and various measurement instruments. Generally the protective earth is also used as a functional earth, though this requires care in some situations

Ground mat

Main article: Ground mat

A ground mat or grounding mat is a flat, flexible pad used for working on electrostatic sensitive devices. It is generally made of a conductive plastic or metal mesh covered substrate which is electrically attached to ground. This helps discharge any static which a worker has built up, as well as any static on tools or exposed components laid on the mat. It is used most commonly in computer repair.

In an electrical substation a ground mat is a mesh of conductive material installed at places where a person would stand to operate a switch or other apparatus; it is bonded to the local supporting metal structure and to the handle of the switchgear, so that the operator will not be exposed to a high differential voltage due to a fault in the substation.

Source

Federal Standard 1037C in support of MIL-STD-188

External links

The Electromagnetic Telegraph, by J. B. Calvert
Grounding for Low- and High- Frequency Circuits (PDF) — Analog Devices Application Note
An IC Amplifier User’s Guide to Decoupling, Grounding, and Making Things Go Right for a Change (PDF) — Analog Devices Application Note

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

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Translations: Translations for: Ground

Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - jord, gulv, terræn, plads, grund, bund
v. tr. - løbe på grund, sætte på grund, tvinge til at lande, forhindre i at gå i luften, give udgangsforbud, begrunde
v. intr. - gå på grund, være afhængig af

idioms:

be grounded få udgangsforbud, have udgangsforbud
be on one's own ground være på hjemmebane
fall on stony ground falde for døve øren, falde på stengrund
get in on the ground floor komme med fra starten
give ground vige
go to ground føre en tilbagetrukket tilværelse
ground cloth underlag
ground crew jordpersonnel
ground floor stueetage
ground plan grundplan
ground rent jordafgift, grundafgift
ground rule grundregel
ground staff personale på flyveplads, personale på sportsplads
ground swell dønning
lose ground miste terræn
off the ground have fået luft under vingerne, være over startvanskelighederne
on the ground på jorden
on the grounds that på grund af at
prepare the ground berede jordbunden
run someone into the ground køre nogen i sænk
stomping ground hjemmebane, et sted man kommer ofte
well grounded velfunderet

2.
adj. - matteret

idioms:

ground glass matteret glas

Nederlands (Dutch)
grond, aarde, terrein, (mv) reden (voor), grondlaag, basso ostinato, zeebodem, (mv) droesem, vloer, grond-, gemalen, geknarst, verbrijzeld, geslepen, toestemming voor vliegen weigeren, huisarrest opleggen (aan kind), aarden, onderbouwen, onderleggen, (laten) stranden, op de grond leggen op het eigen vakgebied zijn, onder eigen voorwaarden kunnen handelen iemand uitputten van argument/mening veranderen favoriete stek

Français (French)
1.
n. - (lit, fig) terrain, sujet, domaine, position, climat, (fig) domaine, (gén, Sport) terrain, (gén, Jur) motifs, raisons, (fig) fusil d'épaule, (US, Élec) prise de terre, (Naut) fond, (Constr) sous-couche
v. tr. - (Aviat) immobiliser, déclarer (qn) inapte (un pilote, un équipage), (Naut) faire échouer, fonder (qch) sur, être fondé sur, priver (qn) de sortie (un adolescent), (US, Élec) mettre (qch) à terre, (Mil) poser l'arme à terre
v. intr. - (Naut) s'échouer

idioms:

be grounded être immobilisé au sol, (Naut) s'échouer
fall on stony ground être ignoré
get in on the ground floor commencer en bas de l'échelle
give ground perdre du terrain, céder du terrain (devant, au niveau de)
go to ground se terrer
ground cloth (US) tapis de sol
ground crew personnel au sol
ground floor rez-de-chaussée
ground out frapper une balle au sol (base-ball), être exclus (base-ball)
ground plan plan au sol, plan préliminaire
ground rent rente foncière
ground rule grands principes
ground staff (Aviat) personnel au sol, personnel d'entretien d'un terrain de sports
ground swell (fig) vague de, (lit, Naut) raz-de-marée
lose ground perdre du terrain (au profit de)
off the ground (Aviat) décoller, (fig) prendre (une idée), faire démarrer (un projet)
on one's own ground être sur son propre terrain, connaître les ficelles
on the ground par terre
on the grounds that du fait que, en raison de
prepare the ground préparer le terrain
stomping ground endroit habituel (fréquenté par qn)
well grounded bien fondé

2.
adj. - moulu (le café)

idioms:

ground glass verre brisé

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Boden, Erde, Grund, Gelände
v. - erden, untermauern, gründen, auf Grund setzen/laufen, am Boden festhalten, niederlegen, verankern

idioms:

be grounded auf Grund gelaufen sein, nicht starten können
fall on stony ground ignoriert werden
get in on the ground floor sich von Anfang an beteiligen
give ground an Boden verlieren
go to ground (ugs.) untertauchen
ground cloth Bodenplane
ground crew (Aeron) Bodenpersonal
ground floor Erdgeschoß
ground out (Spo) der Schlagmann wurde rausgebracht, weil er einen "ground-ball" getroffen hat
ground plan Grundriß, Konzept
ground rent Grundrente
ground rule Grundregel, Platzregel
ground staff (Aeron) Bodenpersonal
ground swell schwere Dünung
lose ground an Boden verlieren
off the ground in Betrieb, in Gang
on one's own ground sich auf bekanntem Boden befinden
on the ground an Ort und Stelle
on the grounds that auf Grund
prepare the ground eine Basis schaffen
stomping ground Gegend, in der man sich normalerweise aufhält
well grounded wohlbegründet

2.
adj. - gemahlen, pulverisiert

idioms:

ground glass Mattglas

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - έδαφος, γη, χώμα, οικόπεδο, γήπεδο, πυθμένας, πάτος, (στρατ.) πεδίο, φόντο, (μτφ.) λόγος, αιτία, βάση, (ηλεκτρική) γείωση, (πληθ.) έκταση γύρω από αρχοντικό, ίζημα, κατακάθι
v. - στηρίζω, βασίζω (θεωρία κ.λπ.), γειώνω, διδάσκω τα στοιχειώδη, καθηλώνω στο έδαφος, απαγορεύω (περαιτέρω) πτήση, προσεδαφίζω/-ομαι, (ναυτ.) προσαράσσω, εξοκέλλω, απαγορεύω έξοδο, θέτω υπό περιορισμό

idioms:

be grounded είμαι τιμωρημένος με στέρηση εξόδου ή συμμετοχής
be on one's own ground παίζω στο γήπεδό μου, παίζω στην έδρα μου
break new ground ανοίγω νέους δρόμους, καινοτομώ
cut the ground from under someone βάζω τρικλοποδιά σε κάποιον, ανατρέπω τα σχέδια κάποιου
fall on stony ground πέφτω σε άγονο έδαφος, (μτφ.) μένω χωρίς ανταπόκριση
get in on the ground floor (καθομ.) συμμετέχω ή επωφελούμαι από την αρχή
give ground υποχωρώ, ενδίδω, κάνω παραχωρήσεις
go to ground κρύβομαι (από διώκτες κ.λπ.), λουφάζω
ground cloth κάλυμμα από μουσαμά
ground crew πλήρωμα ή προσωπικό εδάφους
ground floor ισόγειο
ground glass αδιαφανοποιημένο γυαλί
ground plan (αρχιτ.) κάτοψη
ground rent (νομ.) μίσθωμα οικοδόμησης σε ξένο οικόπεδο
ground rule βασικός κανόνας, αρχή
ground staff προσωπικό/πλήρωμα εδάφους
ground swell φουσκοθαλασσιά, (μτφ.) διογκούμενο ρεύμα (π.χ. της κοινής γνώμης)
high ground ανωτερότητα
hold one's ground κρατώ τις θέσεις μου, μένω αμετακίνητος/αμετάπειστος
lose ground χάνω έδαφος
off the ground που απογειώθηκε, που ξεκίνησε με επιτυχία
on the ground (καθομ.) στο σημείο της παραγωγής/λειτουργίας, υπό πραγματικές συνθήκες
on the grounds that για το λόγο ότι
prepare the ground προετοιμάζω/προλειαίνω το έδαφος
run someone into the ground ξετρυπώνω κάποιον
stomping ground στέκι
well grounded σωστά θεμελιωμένος, επαρκώς τεκμηριωμένος

Italiano (Italian)
terreno, macinato, fondare, mettere a terra, discutere, terra, suolo, fondamento, motivo

idioms:

a ground for motivi per
be grounded chiuso in casa
be on one's own ground trovarsi sul proprio terreno
breaking new ground provare vie nuove
cut the ground from under someone togliere il terreno da sotto i piedi
fall on stony ground cadere malamente
find common ground trovare un denominatore comune
gain ground guadagnare terreno
get in on the ground floor mettersi all'avanguardia
go to ground nascondersi
ground cloth telo impermeabile
ground crew personale di servizio a terra
ground floor pianterreno
ground glass vetro smerigliato, polvere di vetro
ground plan progetto di base
ground rent affitto di lotto
ground rule regola base
ground staff personale di terra
ground swell maremoto
hold one's ground tener duro
lose/give ground perdere terreno
middle ground centrocampo
off the ground decollare (di un'attività o di un progetto)
on shaky ground su basi malsicure
on the ground a ragione
on the grounds that a ragione
prepare the ground preparare il terreno
run someone into the ground perseguitare qualcuno
shift/change one's ground cambiare argomento
stamping/stomping ground posto di ritrovo
stand one's ground tenere duro
suit someone down to the ground trovare un'anima gemella
the moral high ground pretesto
thin on the ground raro
well grounded fondato

Português (Portuguese)
n. - terra (f), soalho (m), região (f)
v. - estabelecer, assentar

idioms:

be grounded ficar retido, estar encalhado
be on one's own ground estar no seu elemento
fall on stony ground quebrar a cara (coloq.)
get in on the ground floor envolver-se em um plano desde o começo
go to ground acordar para a realidade
ground cloth lençol (m) impermeável colocado no chão para evitar umidade do solo (Téc.)
ground crew pessoal (m) de terra (Aer.)
ground floor térreo (m)
ground glass vidro (m) despolido, vidro (m) opaco
ground plan planta (f) baixa (Arquit.), projeto (m) fundamental (Arquit.)
ground rent foro (m), renda (f) paga para terreno (Fin.)
ground rule regulamento (m) básico
ground staff pessoal (m) de terra
ground swell grande onda (f), maremoto (m)
lose/give ground perder terreno, ceder
off the ground voando, aprovado e em curso de realização
on the ground no cenário da ação
on the grounds that contanto que
prepare the ground preparar o terreno
run someone into the ground derrotar alguém
shift/change one's ground mudar de posição ou ponto de vista
stamping/stomping ground lugar (m) preferido
well grounded bem fundado, (ter) conhecimentos sólidos

Русский (Russian)
земля (поверхность), участок земли, местность, почва, фон, грунтовка, предмет, тема, основание, приземляться, заземлять, приземлять, обосновывать, подготавливать, грунтовать холст, запрещать полеты, наземный, аэродромный, молотыйоснов ние (для предположения и пр.), основание (для предположения и пр.)

idioms:

be grounded быть хорошо подготовленным, быть основательно обоснованным, быть заземленным
be on one's own ground быть в своей тарелке
fall on stony ground упасть на каменистую почву, не дать всходов
get in on the ground floor участвовать с самого начала
go to ground затаиться
ground cloth матерчатый водонепроницаемый настил
ground crew группа технического обслуживания самолета
ground floor первый этаж
ground glass матовое стекло, стеклянный порошок
ground plan план первого этажа здания, генеральный план
ground rent земельная рента
ground rule основной принцип
ground staff наземный состав (в авиации), служащие стадиона, площадки для гольфа
ground swell волнение на море, вызванное отдаленным штормом или землетрясением, массовый энтузиазм
lose/give ground сдавать позиции
off the ground успешное начало
on the ground на месте, в реальных условиях
on the grounds that на том основании,что
prepare the ground приготовить
run someone into the ground загонять кого-л. в его берлогу, найти после долгих поисков
shift/change one's ground изменить взгляды/принципы
stamping/stomping ground насиженное место, любимое место
well grounded хорошо обоснованный

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - tierra, suelo, piso, base, fundamento, fondo, terreno, motivo, razón, toma de tierra
v. tr. - rellenar con tierra, conectar a tierra, fundamentar, fundar, basar, poner sobre la tierra, poner firmemente sobre cimientos, enseñar principios básicos, prohibir la partida de una aeronave, restringir las actividades de alguien como castigo
v. intr. - caer en la tierra, golpear la tierra

idioms:

be grounded estar castigado
fall on stony ground caer en saco roto
get in on the ground floor empezar desde abajo (en un trabajo)
give ground ceder terreno
go to ground esconderse, ocultarse
ground cloth sábana impermeable
ground crew personal de tierra
ground floor piso bajo, planta baja
ground out (béisbol) tipo de golpe que da el bateador
ground plan plano de planta, proyecto básico, planta, plano escenográfico, plan de acción
ground rent renta por derecho de superficie
ground rule regla o norma de procedimiento, directriz, regla de terreno o de campo, regla local
ground staff personal de tierra
ground swell mar de fondo, marejada de fondo, corriente, oleada
lose ground perder terreno, perder popularidad
off the ground encaminado, empezado
on one's own ground en su terreno de conocimiento, estar en su propio elemento
on the ground donde se realiza trabajo práctico como oposición al teórico, en base a, a causa de
on the grounds that en base a, a causa de
prepare the ground preparar el terreno
stomping ground lugar preferido, territorio
well grounded bien fundado

2.
adj. - molido, triturado, situado en o perteneciente a la tierra, que trabaja u opera desde tierra

idioms:

ground glass vidrio esmerilado o deslustrado, vidrio esmerilado, vidrio molido en partículas

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - mark, jord, grund, plats, plan, tomt, ägor, havsbotten, jordledning (elektr.), grundval, anledning
v. - bygga, basera, grunda (mål.), lägga på marken, tvinga att landa (flyg.), utfärda flygförbud för, ge startförbud (hästsport), jorda (elektr.), stöta på grund (sjö.), landa

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
土地, 场地, 战场, 放在地上, 打基础, 使搁浅, 搁浅, 落地, 依靠, 基于, 根据

idioms:

be grounded 使停飞了, 禁足
be on one's own ground 在自己熟悉的领域里, 按本人提出的条件, 在家
fall on stony ground 计划失败, 希望破灭
get in on the ground floor 取得有利地位
give ground 退却, 让步, 失利
go to ground 退隐, 潜伏, 躲藏
ground cloth 铺地防潮布
ground crew 地勤人员
ground floor 底层, 开始阶段, 公共汽车的下层, 优先获利机会
ground glass 毛玻璃, 磨砂玻璃
ground plan 平面图
ground rent 地租
ground rule 场地临时规则, 基本原则
ground staff 地勤人员, 板球队员
ground swell 涌浪
lose ground 撤退, 退却, 失去地盘
off the ground 飞起, 进行顺利
on the ground 在地上, 当场, 在决斗
on the grounds that 以...为理由
prepare the ground 准备
run someone into the ground 把...做过头, 把...弄糟
stomping ground 常去的地方
well grounded 基础牢固的, 有充分根据的

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 土地, 場地, 戰場
v. tr. - 放在地上, 打基礎, 使擱淺
v. intr. - 擱淺, 落地, 依靠, 基於, 根據

idioms:

be grounded 使停飛了, 禁足
be on one's own ground 在自己熟悉的領域裡, 按本人提出的條件, 在家
fall on stony ground 計劃失敗, 希望破滅
get in on the ground floor 取得有利地位
give ground 退卻, 讓步, 失利
go to ground 退隱, 潛伏, 躲藏
ground cloth 鋪地防潮布
ground crew 地勤人員
ground floor 底層, 開始階段, 公共汽車的下層, 優先獲利機會
ground glass 毛玻璃, 磨砂玻璃
ground plan 平面圖
ground rent 地租
ground rule 場地臨時規則, 基本原則
ground staff 地勤人員, 板球隊員
ground swell 湧浪
lose ground 撤退, 退卻, 失去地盤
off the ground 飛起, 進行順利
on the ground 在地上, 當場, 在決鬥
on the grounds that 以...為理由
prepare the ground 準備
run someone into the ground 把...做過頭, 把...弄糟
stomping ground 常去的地方
well grounded 基礎牢固的, 有充分根據的

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 땅, 운동장, 사고 방식, 주장, 근거, 분야, 기저, 배경
v. tr. - 땅에 놓다, 기초를 세우다, 배를 좌초 시키다, 바탕칠을 하다
v. intr. - 땅에 닿다, 좌초하다

idioms:

be grounded 기초를 두다
be on one's own ground 자기 집에 있다, 익숙한 장소이다, 자신 있는 범위이다
get in on the ground floor 처음부터 참가하여 유리한 위치를 차지하다
go to ground 숨다, 도망치다
run someone into the ground ~을 지나치게 하다
well grounded 기초가 단단한, 근거가 명확한

2.
adj. - 빻은 , 가루가 된

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 地面, 土, 土壌, 土地, 敷地, 構内, 庭園, 場所, 運動場, 立場, 根拠, 理由, アース, 下地, 地色, かす, コーヒーかす, 海底, 接地, 水底
v. - 根拠を置く, 基づかせる, …に…の基礎を教える, 強制着陸させる, 飛行勤務を解く, 座礁する, ゴロを打つ, アースする
adj. - ひいた, といだ

idioms:

be grounded 基礎をおく
down to the ground 徹底的に, 完全に
dumping ground ゴミ捨て場
feeding ground 餌場
get in on the ground floor 初めから参加する, 有利な地位にある
go to ground 隠れ穴に逃げ込む, 隠れがに身を潜める
ground cloth 防水布
ground crew 地上整備員
ground floor 一階, 有利な立場
ground glass すりガラス, グラウンドグラス
ground plan 平面図, 基礎計画
ground rent 借地料, 地代
ground rule グラウンドルール, 基本原則
ground staff 地上整備員
ground swell 地うねり, 高まり
hunting ground 猟場
lose/give ground 退却する, 衰える
off the ground 地上を離れて
on the ground 現場で, 整備中で
on the grounds that という理由で
prepare the ground 道を開く
proving ground 性能試験場, 実験場
run into the ground 使いすぎる, 酷評する, やっ付ける
run someone into the ground 疲れさせる
run to ground 追い詰める
shift/change one's ground 立場を変える
stamping ground 人のよく行く場所
stamping/stomping ground 人のよく行く場所

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) سطح الارض, ارضيه, اساس, (فعل) يقدم سببا, يقع على الارض على ارضه يتلف, يهري, ينهك‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮אדמה, קרקע, ארץ, יסוד, מגרש, שטח, רצפה, קרקע-הים, בסיס, רקע, סיבות (ברבים), משקע (ברבים)‬
v. tr. - ‮קירקע (טייס), האריק, העלה (ספינה) על שרטון, הדריך (בנושא מסוים), הניח דברים, בייחוד נשק, על הקרקע, נימק‬
v. intr. - ‮ביסס (מסקנה), עלה על שרטון‬
adj. - ‮דבר שנטחן או לוטש‬

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		Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more
		Computer Desktop Encyclopedia. THIS COPYRIGHTED DEFINITION IS FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY. All other reproduction is strictly prohibited without permission from the publisher. © 1981-2008 Computer Language Company Inc. All rights reserved. Read more
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		Music Encyclopedia. The Concise Grove Dictionary of Music. Copyright © 1994 by Oxford University Press, Inc.. All rights reserved. Read more
		Architecture. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright © 2003 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more
		Electronics Dictionary. Copyright 2001 by Twysted Pair. All rights reserved. Read more
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ground1

History

Radio communications

AC power wiring installations

Power transmission

Electronics

Circuit ground versus earth

Separating low signal ground from a noisy ground

Electrical shielding

Lightning protection

Earthing system

Ground mat

See also

Source

External links

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