1. (Strauss: Die Frau ohne Schatten). Tenor. Emperor of the South Eastern Islands. Out shooting one day, he aimed at a gazelle and the animal resumed its true form, that of the daughter of Keikobad, king of the spirit world. The Emperor married her. They live and love, but have no children. Keikobad sends a messenger: if the Empress does not cast a shadow (i.e. become pregnant), the Emperor will be turned to stone. This does indeed happen, and he is returned to life only after his wife is forgiven by her father because she refused to accept another woman's shadow, thus proving she has learned to show humanity to those worse off than herself. Arias: Bleib und wache (‘Stay and watch’); Falke, falke (‘Falcon, falcon’); Wenn das Herz aus Kristall zerbricht (‘When the heart of crystal is shattered’). Created (1919) by Karl Aagard-Oestvig.

2. (Ullman: Der Kaiser von Atlantis). See Überall, Emperor.