Dictionary:

e¹

  (ē)

1. The fifth letter of the modern English alphabet.
2. Any of the speech sounds represented by the letter e.
3. The fifth in a series.
4. Something shaped like the letter E.
5. E A grade that indicates failing status.
6. Music.
   1. The third tone in the scale of C major or the fifth tone in the relative minor scale.
   2. A key or scale in which E is the tonic.
   3. A written or printed note representing this tone.
   4. A string, key, or pipe tuned to the pitch of this tone.
7. e Mathematics. The base of the natural system of logarithms, having a numerical value of approximately 2.71828.
8. E The hypothesized traditional source of those narrative portions of the Pentateuch in which God is referred to as Elohim rather than with the Tetragrammaton.

[Sense 8, from ELOHIM.]

(Metric) As an upper-case prefix, E, see exa-, e.g. Eg = exagram.

mathematics As E, initial letter of exponent, see floating-point number. As e, the base of ‘natural’ logarithms (compare common logarithms). More definitively, the unique transcendental number such that the derivative of the function e^x relative to x is identically e^x, hence likewise the integral. Expressed in simple graphical terms, the uniqueness is that the graph of e^x is identically the graph of its own slope values, and of its own accumulating area covered. A precise valuation is given by the series

sub-atomic physics As e, see elementary charge.

informatics In hexadecimal notation as E for 14, the 5th digit after 9. For use such as 0.9876E+12, see floating-point number.

music See pitch.

The fifth letter of the modern English alphabet is represented by edad, [aspen] in the ogham alphabet of early Ireland; edad is the fourth vowel in ogham.

Symbol, exa-; electromotive force; eye.

The key of E.

Basic Latin alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd   Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv   Ww Xx Yy Zz

E is the fifth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled e (IPA: /iː/), plural es or ees (also written E's, Es, e's, etc.).^[1] The letter E is the most commonly used letter in the English language.^[2]

History

Egyptian hieroglyph q’	Proto-Semitic H	Phoenician H	Etruscan E	Greek Epsilon	Roman E

E is derived from the Greek letter epsilon which is much the same in appearance (Ε, ε) and function. In etymology, the Semitic hê probably first represented a praying or calling human figure (hillul jubilation), and was probably based on a similar Egyptian hieroglyph that was pronounced and used quite differently. In Semitic, the letter represented /h/ (and /e/ in foreign words), in Greek hê became Εψιλον (Epsilon) with the value /e/. Etruscans and Romans followed this usage. Arising from the Great Vowel Shift, English usage is rather different, namely /iː/ (derived from /eː/ in "me" or "bee") whereas other words like "bed" are closer to Latin and other languages in usage.

Usage

Like other Latin vowels, E came in a long and a short variety. Originally, the only difference was in length but later on, short e represented /ɛ/. In other languages that use the letter E or e, it represents various other phonetic values, sometimes with accents to indicate contrasts (e ê é è ë ē ĕ ě ẽ ė ẹ ę ẻ).

Digraphs starting with E are common in many languages to indicate diphthongs and monophthongs, such as EA or EE for /iː/ or /eɪ/ in English, EI for /aɪ// in German, or EU for /ø/ in French or /ɔɪ/ in German.

At the end of a word, E is very often silent in English (silent E), where old noun inflections have been dropped, although even when silent at the end of a word it often causes vowels in the word to be pronounced as diphthongs, conventionally called long vowels (compare as a noun rat and as a verb rate).

Mathematical constant

For the number that is base of the natural logarithm (≈ 2.71828), see e (mathematical constant).

The letter 'E' is the most common letter in the English language and many other related languages, which have some implications in cryptography. This also makes it a difficult and popular letter to use when writing lipograms.

Scientific Use

• The upper case letter E is often used to represent energy, most famously in the formula "E=mc²".

• The lower case letter e is used to represent the electron or the elementary charge.

Codes for computing

Alternative representations of E

NATO phonetic		Morse code
Echo		·
Signal flag	Semaphore	ASL Manual	Braille

In Unicode the capital E is codepoint U+0045 and the lowercase e is U+0065.

The ASCII code for capital E is 69 and for lowercase e is 101; or in binary 01000101 and 01100101, correspondingly.

The EBCDIC code for capital E is 197 and for lowercase e is 133.

The numeric character references in HTML and XML are "E" and "e" for upper and lower case respectively.

Sources

1. ^ "E" Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (1993)
2. ^ http://www.jimloy.com/puzz/cryptogr.htm Cryptography Site

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

E

Similar Latin letters:

• Ɛɛ : Latin epsilon

Similar non-Latin letters:

• Εε : Greek epsilon
• Ее : Cyrillic Ye/E
• Ёё : Cyrillic Yo
• Єє : Ukrainian Ye
• Ээ : Cyrillic backwards E

Similar phonetic symbols:

• e : Close-mid front unrounded vowel
• ɛ : Open-mid front unrounded vowel

Special symbols similar to the letter E:

• ℮ : Estimated sign (used on prepackaged goods for sale within the European Union).
• € : Euro sign

The ISO basic Latin alphabet
Aa	Bb	Cc	Dd	Ee	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Jj	Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Oo	Pp	Qq	Rr	Ss	Tt	Uu	Vv	Ww	Xx	Yy	Zz
Letter E with diacritics ÉéÈèĔĕÊêẾếỀềỄễỂểĚěËëẼẽĖėȨȩḜḝĘęĒēḖḗḔḕẺẻȄȅȆȇẸẹỆệḘḙḚḛɆɇᶒ Two-letter combinations Ea Eb Ec Ed Ee Ef Eg Eh Ei Ej Ek El Em En Eo Ep Eq Er Es Et Eu Ev Ew Ex Ey Ez EA EB EC ED EE EF EG EH EI EJ EK EL EM EN EO EP EQ ER ES ET EU EV EW EX EY EZ Letter-digit & Digit-letter combinations                 E0 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9                 0E 1E 2E 3E 4E 5E 6E 7E 8E 9E history • palaeography • derivations • diacritics • punctuation • numerals • Unicode • list of letters

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Dansk (Danish)
abbr. - jord, øst, østlig, ægyptisk, engelsk, ingeniør, E-nummer

idioms:

• e number    E-nummer

Nederlands (Dutch)
laag cijfer voor student, e (grondtal van natuurlijke logaritme), E-snaar

Français (French)
abbr. - (abrév = Earl) Comte (titre de noblesse)
n. - E (cinquième lettre de l'alphabet), (Mus) mi, (École) E faible
symb. - code E, additif alimentaire

idioms:

• e number    code E, additif alimentaire

Deutsch (German)
n. - E (dritte Note in C-Dur), Note Fünf, der Fünfte
symb. - Energie, Elektron
abbr. - Ost

idioms:

• e number    Code-Nummer, die mit E anfängt, für Nahrungsmittelzusätze

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - το πέμπτο γράμμα του αγγλικού αλφαβήτου
symb. - ενέργεια
abbr. - Ανατολή, ανατολικός

idioms:

• e number    αριθμός Ε (πρόσθετης ουσίας)

Italiano (Italian)
E, mi, quinto

idioms:

• e number    additivo del cibo

Português (Portuguese)
n. - E (m) quinta letra do alfabeto
symb. - elétron (Fís.)

idioms:

• e number    número colocado em alimentos nos EUA

Русский (Russian)
5-я буква англ. алфавита, нота ми, оценка "неудовлетво- рительно", пятый

idioms:

• e number    номер 5

Español (Spanish)
abbr. - este, oriental, inglés, excelente, vía rápida
n. - quinta letra del alfabeto inglés, cualquier sonido hablado que se representa con la letra e, algo que tiene la forma de la letra e, un dispositivo (de una máquina de escribir) para reproducir la letra e
symb. - el quinto en orden o en una serie, calificación que muestra que el alumno necesita esforzarse un poco más para llegar al aceptable, (mús) tercera nota en la escala de C mayor, o quinta nota en la escala de A menor, (mús) un instrumento afinado en esta nota, (mus) una nota escrita o impresa que representa ese sonido, (mús) mi, el numeral romano para 250

idioms:

• e number    número base de logaritmo

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - E (bokstav el. ton)
symb. - eko (radio)
abbr. - earl, east, Eastern (postdistrikt i London), energy (fys.), Europe, European

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
欧拉常数

idioms:

• e number    E数

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
abbr. - 歐拉常數

idioms:

• e number    E數

한국어 (Korean)
abbr. - East (동쪽), Earth (지구), English (영어), Elohistic Source (엘로힘 자료)

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - イー, E字形のもの, 条件付き可, ホ音, ホ調

idioms:

• e number    食品添加物のコード番号

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) نوته موسيقيه, الحرف الخامس من الحروف الأبجديه (علامه) مختصر : الشرق East , أنكليزي English , مصر أو مصري Egyptian , طاقه ( فيزياء Energy ) (اختصار) مختصر : هندسه, مخدر اسمه أكستسي‏

עברית (Hebrew)
abbr. - ‮מזרח, מזרחי, מי (צליל), אנרגיה (פיסיקה), מצרי‬

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