Dictionary: cone   (kōn)

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cone

top: right circular cone bottom: cones and rods of a human eye (Academy Artworks) (Precision Graphics)

1. Mathematics.
   1. The surface generated by a straight line, the generator, passing through a fixed point, the vertex, and moving along a fixed curve, the directrix.
   2. A right circular cone.
2. 1. The figure formed by a cone, bound or regarded as bound by its vertex and a plane section taken anywhere above or below the vertex.
   2. Something having the shape of this figure: “the cone of illuminated drops spilling beneath a street lamp” (Anne Tyler).
3. Botany.
   1. A unisexual reproductive structure of gymnospermous plants such as conifers and cycads, typically consisting of a central axis around which there are scaly, overlapping, spirally arranged sporophylls that develop pollen-bearing sacs or naked ovules or seeds.
   2. A similar structure that produces spores on club mosses, horsetails, and spike mosses.
   3. Any reproductive structure resembling a cone, such as a cluster of hop or alder fruits.
4. Physiology. One of the photoreceptors in the retina of the eye that is responsible for daylight and color vision. These photoreceptors are most densely concentrated in the fovea centralis, creating the area of greatest visual acuity.
5. Any of various gastropod mollusks of the family Conidae of tropical and subtropical seas, having a conical, often vividly marked shell and the ability to inflict a poisonous, sometimes fatal sting.

To shape (something) like a cone or a segment of one.

[French cône and Middle English cone, angle of a quadrant, both from Latin cōnus, from Greek kōnos.]

The solid of revolution obtained by revolving a right triangle about one of its shorter sides is called a cone, or more precisely a right circular cone (see illustration). More generally, the term cone is used in solid geometry to describe a solid bounded by a plane and a portion of one nappe of a conical surface. In analytic geometry, however, the term cone refers not to a solid but to a conical surface. This is a surface generated by a straight line which moves so that it always intersects a given plane curve, called the directrix, and passes through a point, called the vertex, not in the plane of the directrix. The generating line in each of its positions is called an element of the cone. The vertex divides the surface into two parts, called nappes.

Right circular cone.

If the elements of a cone make equal angles with a line through the vertex, the cone is called a cone of revolution. Plane sections of a cone of revolution are called conic sections.

The volume of a solid cone is V = Bh/3, where B is the base area included within the directrix, and h is the altitude (or height) measured from the vertex to the plane of the base. The volume V and surface area S of a right circular cone are V = πr²h/3 and S = 2πrl + 2πr², where r denotes the radius of the base and I = denotes the slant height, measured from vertex to base along an element of the cone. See also Conic section; Euclidean geometry.

1. a geometric shape with a circular base tapering evenly to an apex.2. a solid substance, usually guttapercha or silver, having a tapered form similar in length and diameter to a root canal; used to fill the space once occupied by the pulp in the root of the tooth. 3. an accessory device on a dental x-ray machine, designed to indicate the direction of the central axis of its x-ray beam and to serve as a guide in establishing a desired source-to-film distance.

In geomorphology, a relief feature, circular or semi-circular in plan and rising to a point in the centre.

For more information on cone, visit Britannica.com.

1. Cone-shaped building enclosing a tile-kiln, glass-furnace, etc.

2. Conical structure (e.g. the brick cone supporting the lantern in St Paul's Cathedral, London).

1. a solid figure or body having a circular base and tapering to a point, especially one of the conelike structures of the retina, which, with the retinal rods, form the light-sensitive elements of the retina. The cones make possible the perception of color.
2. in radiology, a conical or open-ended cylindrical structure used as an aid in producing high detail x-rays.
3. surgical cone.

• c. cells (1) — the commonest, if not the sole, photoreceptors in the central area of the retina, where the function of acute vision is located. See also cone (1) above.
• c. down — in radiology, to restrict the x-ray beam. See also collimation.
• c. dysplasia (1) — progressive dysplasia of retinal cones in Alaskan malamute dogs; causes impaired day vision from an early age. The rods are normal.
• ether c. — a cone-shaped device used over the face in administration of ether for anesthesia.
• c. flower — see rudbeckia.
• c. of light — the triangular reflection of light seen on the tympanic membrane.
• pressure c. — the area of compression exerted by a mass in the brain, as in transtentorial herniation.
• retinal c's — see cone (1) above.
• c. shellfish — see conus.

Tutor's tip: The "Cohen" (a member of the Jewish priestly class) pondered the "koan" (a paradox posed to a student of Zen Buddhism to help bring about enlightenment) as he ate his ice cream "cone" (a geometric solid with a circular base tapering to a point opposite th

Dansk (Danish)
n. - kegle, isvaffel, kogle, tapcelle
v. tr. - gøre kegleformet, afmærke med toppe

Nederlands (Dutch)
kegel, conus, ijshoorntje, dennenappel, verkeerskegel, kegelhoorn/-slak, kegelberg, kegeltje (in netvlies), kegelvormig maken, afschuinen, (+ off) afsluiten met verkeerskegels

Français (French)
n. - (Math, gén) cône, (Bot) cône, cornet (de crème), (Aut) balise, (Géol) cône (volcan), (Anat) cône, (Zool) cône
v. tr. - baliser (route)

Deutsch (German)
n. - Kegel, Konus, Zapfen
v. - kegelförmig machen, (Bot.) Zapfen tragen

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - κώνος, (φυτολ.) κουκουνάρα/-ι, παγωτό χωνάκι

Italiano (Italian)
cono

Português (Portuguese)
n. - cone (m), casquinha (f) (de sorvete)

idioms:

• pine cone    pinha (f) (Bot.)

Русский (Russian)
конус, шишка

idioms:

• pine cone    сосновая шишка

Español (Spanish)
n. - cono
v. tr. - dar forma cónica, arrollar en un cono, producir conos

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - kon, kotte, bergskägla, kägelsnäcka (zool.)

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
圆锥体, 球果, 使成锥形

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 圓錐體, 毬果
v. tr. - 使成錐形

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 원뿔체, 원뿔, 콘
v. tr. - 원뿔꼴로 만들다

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 円すい, 円すい形のもの, 球果, 円錐
v. - 円錐形にする

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) مخروط‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮חרוט, חדודית, אצטרובל, גביע גלידה, קונוס, מבנה חרוטי בקרנית העין, הר בצורת חרוט בד"כ ממקור וולקני‬
v. tr. - ‮עיצב בתבנית חרוט‬

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